Revert "txn: update abort_old_txes to use locks"

[rystsov]

The commit is correlated with the new ci-failures. Rolling it back. It's ok to rollback only a single commit from the PR because its other commits don't depend on it.

Fixes:

• CI Failure (Redpanda failed to stop in 30 seconds) in RandomNodeOperationsTest.test_node_operations #11372
• CI Failure cannot double register same ntp in PartitionBalancerTest. test_rack_awareness  #11452
• CI Failure (Assert failure: (log_manager.cc:449) '_logs.find(cfg.ntp()) == _logs.end()' cannot double register same ntp) #11344

This reverts commit f7fc026.

Backports Required

• none - not a bug fix
• none - this is a backport
• none - issue does not exist in previous branches
• none - papercut/not impactful enough to backport
• v23.1.x
• v22.3.x
• v22.2.x

Release Notes

• none

[rystsov]

/ci-repeat 1
skip-units
dt-repeat=40
tests/rptest/tests/partition_balancer_test.py::PartitionBalancerTest.test_unavailable_nodes

[vbotbuildovich]

/backport v23.1.x

[vbotbuildovich]

/backport v22.3.x

[vbotbuildovich]

Failed to run cherry-pick command. I executed the commands below:

git checkout -b backport-pr-11474-v23.1.x-364 remotes/upstream/v23.1.x
git cherry-pick -x 6d86fc813fe526112d8aaccc3fda612342df1aab

Workflow run logs.

[vbotbuildovich]

Failed to run cherry-pick command. I executed the commands below:

git checkout -b backport-pr-11474-v22.3.x-978 remotes/upstream/v22.3.x
git cherry-pick -x 6d86fc813fe526112d8aaccc3fda612342df1aab

Workflow run logs.