Support evaluation of variables, launchContext and other FHIR context…

…s for cqf-calculatedValue expressions (#2326)

* Evaluate cqf-calculatedValue expressions using ExpressionEvaluator

to add support for variable expressions, launchContexts and %resource expressions

* Refactor evaluation of cqf-calculatedValue expressions

* Refactor to not modify extension in questionnaire

When evaluating cqf-calculatedValue expression for validation

* Resolve comments for requested changes

* Suspend validate methods on answerConstraintValidators

* Update documentation

datacapture/src/main/java/com/google/android/fhir/datacapture/QuestionnaireViewModel.kt

@@ -37,11 +37,14 @@ import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.extensions.filterByCodeInNameExtensio
 import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.extensions.flattened
 import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.extensions.hasDifferentAnswerSet
 import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.extensions.isDisplayItem
-import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.extensions.isFhirPath
 import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.extensions.isHelpCode
 import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.extensions.isHidden
 import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.extensions.isPaginated
 import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.extensions.localizedTextSpanned
+import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.extensions.maxValue
+import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.extensions.maxValueCqfCalculatedValueExpression
+import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.extensions.minValue
+import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.extensions.minValueCqfCalculatedValueExpression
 import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.extensions.packRepeatedGroups
 import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.extensions.questionnaireLaunchContexts
 import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.extensions.shouldHaveNestedItemsUnderAnswers
@@ -69,8 +72,6 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.stateIn
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.update
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.withIndex
 import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
-import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.Base
-import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.Element
 import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.Questionnaire
 import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.Questionnaire.QuestionnaireItemComponent
 import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.QuestionnaireResponse
@@ -591,23 +592,6 @@ internal class QuestionnaireViewModel(application: Application, state: SavedStat
       }
   }
 
-  private suspend fun resolveCqfExpression(
-    questionnaireItem: QuestionnaireItemComponent,
-    questionnaireResponseItem: QuestionnaireResponseItemComponent,
-    element: Element,
-  ): List<Base> {
-    val cqfExpression = element.cqfExpression ?: return emptyList()
-
-    if (!cqfExpression.isFhirPath) {
-      throw UnsupportedOperationException("${cqfExpression.language} not supported yet")
-    }
-    return expressionEvaluator.evaluateExpression(
-      questionnaireItem,
-      questionnaireResponseItem,
-      cqfExpression,
-    )
-  }
-
   private fun removeDisabledAnswers(
     questionnaireItem: QuestionnaireItemComponent,
     questionnaireResponseItem: QuestionnaireResponseItemComponent,
@@ -749,17 +733,25 @@ internal class QuestionnaireViewModel(application: Application, state: SavedStat
           questionnaireItem,
           questionnaireResponseItem.answer,
           this@QuestionnaireViewModel.getApplication(),
-        )
+        ) {
+          expressionEvaluator.evaluateExpressionValue(
+            questionnaireItem,
+            questionnaireResponseItem,
+            it,
+          )
+        }
       } else {
         NotValidated
       }
 
     // Set question text dynamically from CQL expression
-    questionnaireResponseItem.apply {
-      resolveCqfExpression(questionnaireItem, this, questionnaireItem.textElement)
-        .firstOrNull()
-        ?.let { text = it.primitiveValue() }
+    questionnaireItem.textElement.cqfExpression?.let { expression ->
+      expressionEvaluator
+        .evaluateExpressionValue(questionnaireItem, questionnaireResponseItem, expression)
+        ?.primitiveValue()
+        ?.let { questionnaireResponseItem.text = it }
     }
+
     val (enabledQuestionnaireAnswerOptions, disabledQuestionnaireResponseAnswers) =
       answerOptionsEvaluator.evaluate(
         questionnaireItem,
@@ -786,6 +778,24 @@ internal class QuestionnaireViewModel(application: Application, state: SavedStat
             validationResult = validationResult,
             answersChangedCallback = answersChangedCallback,
             enabledAnswerOptions = enabledQuestionnaireAnswerOptions,
+            minAnswerValue =
+              questionnaireItem.minValueCqfCalculatedValueExpression?.let {
+                expressionEvaluator.evaluateExpressionValue(
+                  questionnaireItem,
+                  questionnaireResponseItem,
+                  it,
+                )
+              }
+                ?: questionnaireItem.minValue,
+            maxAnswerValue =
+              questionnaireItem.maxValueCqfCalculatedValueExpression?.let {
+                expressionEvaluator.evaluateExpressionValue(
+                  questionnaireItem,
+                  questionnaireResponseItem,
+                  it,
+                )
+              }
+                ?: questionnaireItem.maxValue,
             draftAnswer = draftAnswerMap[questionnaireResponseItem],
             enabledDisplayItems =
               questionnaireItem.item.filter {

datacapture/src/main/java/com/google/android/fhir/datacapture/extensions/MoreQuestionnaireItemComponents.kt

@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ import ca.uhn.fhir.util.UrlUtil
 import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.DataCapture
 import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.QuestionnaireViewHolderType
 import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.fhirpath.evaluateToDisplay
+import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.validation.MAX_VALUE_EXTENSION_URL
+import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.validation.MIN_VALUE_EXTENSION_URL
 import com.google.android.fhir.getLocalizedText
 import java.math.BigDecimal
 import java.time.LocalDate
@@ -82,9 +84,6 @@ internal const val EXTENSION_CHOICE_ORIENTATION_URL =
 internal const val EXTENSION_CHOICE_COLUMN_URL: String =
   "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-choiceColumn"
 
-internal const val EXTENSION_CQF_CALCULATED_VALUE_URL: String =
-  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/cqf-calculatedValue"
-
 internal const val EXTENSION_DISPLAY_CATEGORY_URL =
   "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/questionnaire-displayCategory"
 
@@ -294,6 +293,18 @@ val Questionnaire.QuestionnaireItemComponent.sliderStepValue: Int?
     return null
   }
 
+internal val Questionnaire.QuestionnaireItemComponent.minValue
+  get() = getExtensionByUrl(MIN_VALUE_EXTENSION_URL)?.value
+
+internal val Questionnaire.QuestionnaireItemComponent.minValueCqfCalculatedValueExpression
+  get() = getExtensionByUrl(MIN_VALUE_EXTENSION_URL)?.value?.cqfCalculatedValueExpression
+
+internal val Questionnaire.QuestionnaireItemComponent.maxValue
+  get() = getExtensionByUrl(MAX_VALUE_EXTENSION_URL)?.value
+
+internal val Questionnaire.QuestionnaireItemComponent.maxValueCqfCalculatedValueExpression
+  get() = getExtensionByUrl(MAX_VALUE_EXTENSION_URL)?.value?.cqfCalculatedValueExpression
+
 // ********************************************************************************************** //
 //                                                                                                //
 // Additional display utilities: display item control, localized text spanned,                    //

datacapture/src/main/java/com/google/android/fhir/datacapture/extensions/MoreQuestionnaires.kt

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2023 Google LLC
+ * Copyright 2023-2024 Google LLC
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ private fun validateLaunchContextExtension(launchExtension: Extension) {
       false
     }
 
-  if (nameCoding.system != EXTENSION_LAUNCH_CONTEXT || !isValidResourceType) {
+  if (nameCoding.system != CODE_SYSTEM_LAUNCH_CONTEXT || !isValidResourceType) {
     error(
       "The extension:name and/or extension:type do not follow the format specified in $EXTENSION_SDC_QUESTIONNAIRE_LAUNCH_CONTEXT",
     )
@@ -139,7 +139,8 @@ internal const val EXTENSION_ENTRY_MODE_URL: String =
 internal const val EXTENSION_SDC_QUESTIONNAIRE_LAUNCH_CONTEXT =
   "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-launchContext"
 
-internal const val EXTENSION_LAUNCH_CONTEXT = "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/CodeSystem/launchContext"
+internal const val CODE_SYSTEM_LAUNCH_CONTEXT =
+  "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/CodeSystem/launchContext"
 
 val Questionnaire.entryMode: EntryMode?
   get() {

datacapture/src/main/java/com/google/android/fhir/datacapture/extensions/MoreTypes.kt

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ package com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.extensions
 
 import android.content.Context
 import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.R
-import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.fhirpath.evaluateToBase
 import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.views.factories.localDate
 import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.views.factories.localTime
 import com.google.android.fhir.getLocalizedText
@@ -95,13 +94,13 @@ private fun getDisplayString(type: Type, context: Context): String? =
     else -> (type as? PrimitiveType<*>)?.valueAsString
   }
 
+/**
+ * Returns the string representation for [PrimitiveType] or [Quantity], otherwise defaults to null
+ */
 private fun getValueString(type: Type): String? =
   when (type) {
-    is DateType,
-    is DateTimeType,
-    is StringType, -> type.asStringValue()
-    is Quantity -> type.value.toString()
-    else -> (type as? PrimitiveType<*>)?.valueAsString
+    is Quantity -> type.value?.toString()
+    else -> (type as? PrimitiveType<*>)?.asStringValue()
   }
 
 /** Converts StringType to toUriType. */
@@ -132,16 +131,10 @@ internal fun Quantity.toCoding(): Coding {
   return Coding(this.system, this.code, this.unit)
 }
 
-fun Type.valueOrCalculateValue(): Type {
-  return if (this.hasExtension()) {
-    this.extension
-      .firstOrNull { it.url == EXTENSION_CQF_CALCULATED_VALUE_URL }
-      ?.let { extension ->
-        val expression = (extension.value as Expression).expression
-        evaluateToBase(this, expression).singleOrNull()?.let { it as Type }
-      }
-      ?: this
-  } else {
-    this
-  }
-}
+internal fun Type.hasValue(): Boolean = !getValueString(this).isNullOrBlank()
+
+internal val Type.cqfCalculatedValueExpression
+  get() = this.getExtensionByUrl(EXTENSION_CQF_CALCULATED_VALUE_URL)?.value as? Expression
+
+internal const val EXTENSION_CQF_CALCULATED_VALUE_URL: String =
+  "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/cqf-calculatedValue"

datacapture/src/main/java/com/google/android/fhir/datacapture/fhirpath/ExpressionEvaluator.kt

@@ -141,6 +141,27 @@ internal class ExpressionEvaluator(
     )
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Returns single [Type] evaluation value result of an expression, including cqf-expression and
+   * cqf-calculatedValue expressions
+   */
+  suspend fun evaluateExpressionValue(
+    questionnaireItem: QuestionnaireItemComponent,
+    questionnaireResponseItem: QuestionnaireResponseItemComponent?,
+    expression: Expression,
+  ): Type? {
+    if (!expression.isFhirPath) {
+      throw UnsupportedOperationException("${expression.language} not supported yet")
+    }
+    return try {
+      evaluateExpression(questionnaireItem, questionnaireResponseItem, expression).singleOrNull()
+        as? Type
+    } catch (e: Exception) {
+      Timber.w("Could not evaluate expression ${expression.expression} with FHIRPathEngine", e)
+      null
+    }
+  }
+
   /**
    * Returns a list of pair of item and the calculated and evaluated value for all items with
    * calculated expression extension, which is dependent on value of updated response

datacapture/src/main/java/com/google/android/fhir/datacapture/fhirpath/FhirPathUtil.kt

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2022-2023 Google LLC
+ * Copyright 2022-2024 Google LLC
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.ExpressionNode
 import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.QuestionnaireResponse
 import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.QuestionnaireResponse.QuestionnaireResponseItemComponent
 import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.Resource
-import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.Type
 import org.hl7.fhir.r4.utils.FHIRPathEngine
 
 private val fhirPathEngine: FHIRPathEngine =
@@ -101,9 +100,9 @@ internal fun evaluateToBase(
 }
 
 /** Evaluates the given expression and returns list of [Base] */
-internal fun evaluateToBase(type: Type, expression: String): List<Base> {
+internal fun evaluateToBase(base: Base, expression: String): List<Base> {
   return fhirPathEngine.evaluate(
-    /* base = */ type,
+    /* base = */ base,
     /* path = */ expression,
   )
 }

datacapture/src/main/java/com/google/android/fhir/datacapture/validation/AnswerConstraintValidator.kt

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2022-2023 Google LLC
+ * Copyright 2022-2024 Google LLC
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -17,8 +17,10 @@
 package com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.validation
 
 import android.content.Context
+import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.Expression
 import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.Questionnaire
 import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.QuestionnaireResponse
+import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.Type
 
 /**
  * Validates [QuestionnaireResponse.QuestionnaireResponseItemComponent] against a particular
@@ -35,10 +37,11 @@ internal interface AnswerConstraintValidator {
    *
    * [Learn more](https://www.hl7.org/fhir/questionnaireresponse.html#link).
    */
-  fun validate(
+  suspend fun validate(
     questionnaireItem: Questionnaire.QuestionnaireItemComponent,
     answer: QuestionnaireResponse.QuestionnaireResponseItemAnswerComponent,
     context: Context,
+    expressionEvaluator: suspend (Expression) -> Type?,
   ): Result
 
   /**

datacapture/src/main/java/com/google/android/fhir/datacapture/validation/AnswerExtensionConstraintValidator.kt

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2022-2023 Google LLC
+ * Copyright 2022-2024 Google LLC
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -17,9 +17,12 @@
 package com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.validation
 
 import android.content.Context
-import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.Extension
+import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.extensions.cqfCalculatedValueExpression
+import com.google.android.fhir.datacapture.extensions.hasValue
+import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.Expression
 import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.Questionnaire
 import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.QuestionnaireResponse
+import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.Type
 
 /**
  * Validates [QuestionnaireResponse.QuestionnaireResponseItemAnswerComponent] against a constraint
@@ -35,18 +38,33 @@ import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.QuestionnaireResponse
 internal open class AnswerExtensionConstraintValidator(
   val url: String,
   val predicate:
-    (Extension, QuestionnaireResponse.QuestionnaireResponseItemAnswerComponent) -> Boolean,
-  val messageGenerator: (Extension, Context) -> String,
+    (
+      /*constraintValue*/
+      Type,
+      QuestionnaireResponse.QuestionnaireResponseItemAnswerComponent,
+    ) -> Boolean,
+  val messageGenerator: (Type, Context) -> String,
 ) : AnswerConstraintValidator {
-  override fun validate(
+  override suspend fun validate(
     questionnaireItem: Questionnaire.QuestionnaireItemComponent,
     answer: QuestionnaireResponse.QuestionnaireResponseItemAnswerComponent,
     context: Context,
+    expressionEvaluator: suspend (Expression) -> Type?,
   ): AnswerConstraintValidator.Result {
     if (questionnaireItem.hasExtension(url)) {
       val extension = questionnaireItem.getExtensionByUrl(url)
-      if (predicate(extension, answer)) {
-        return AnswerConstraintValidator.Result(false, messageGenerator(extension, context))
+      val extensionValue =
+        extension.value.cqfCalculatedValueExpression?.let { expressionEvaluator(it) }
+          ?: extension.value
+
+      // Only checks constraint if both extension and answer have a value
+      if (
+        extensionValue.hasValue() && answer.value.hasValue() && predicate(extensionValue, answer)
+      ) {
+        return AnswerConstraintValidator.Result(
+          false,
+          messageGenerator(extensionValue, context),
+        )
       }
     }
     return AnswerConstraintValidator.Result(true, null)