From dfbb898c4ae4f6a8da6f307799fdac01fdd97c87 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: druizz90 <32929872+druizz90@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 4 Sep 2024 11:28:12 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 1/5] Update flake8 pre-commit hook

---
 .pre-commit-config.yaml | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index ba54705e3..542d5d480 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ ci:
   autoupdate_branch: "main"
   autoupdate_schedule: monthly
 repos:
-  - repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/flake8
-    rev: 4.0.1
+  - repo: https://github.com/pycqa/flake8
+    rev: 7.1.1
     hooks:
       - id: flake8
         files: "^connexion/"

From 0037147d0e5754f031c1bdf817c5c00064924ee5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: druizz90 <32929872+druizz90@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 4 Sep 2024 11:32:53 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 2/5] Improve type hints for nullable strings

---
 connexion/apps/abstract.py        |  8 ++++++--
 connexion/apps/asynchronous.py    | 10 +++++++---
 connexion/apps/flask.py           | 26 +++++++++++++++++++++-----
 connexion/exceptions.py           |  8 +++++++-
 connexion/frameworks/abstract.py  |  2 +-
 connexion/frameworks/flask.py     |  2 +-
 connexion/frameworks/starlette.py |  2 +-
 connexion/middleware/abstract.py  |  2 +-
 connexion/middleware/main.py      |  2 +-
 connexion/middleware/routing.py   |  6 +++++-
 connexion/operations/abstract.py  |  5 +++--
 connexion/operations/openapi.py   |  5 +++--
 connexion/operations/swagger2.py  |  6 +++---
 13 files changed, 60 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/connexion/apps/abstract.py b/connexion/apps/abstract.py
index 8929e02a9..5b299a786 100644
--- a/connexion/apps/abstract.py
+++ b/connexion/apps/abstract.py
@@ -197,7 +197,11 @@ def add_api(
         )
 
     def add_url_rule(
-        self, rule, endpoint: str = None, view_func: t.Callable = None, **options
+        self,
+        rule,
+        endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        view_func: t.Callable = None,
+        **options,
     ):
         """
         Connects a URL rule.  Works exactly like the `route` decorator.
@@ -271,7 +275,7 @@ def test_client(self, **kwargs):
         passed to the ``StarletteClient``."""
         return TestClient(self, **kwargs)
 
-    def run(self, import_string: str = None, **kwargs):
+    def run(self, import_string: t.Optional[str] = None, **kwargs):
         """Run the application using uvicorn.
 
         :param import_string: application as import string (eg. "main:app"). This is needed to run
diff --git a/connexion/apps/asynchronous.py b/connexion/apps/asynchronous.py
index 9ab08a401..a0ac548f3 100644
--- a/connexion/apps/asynchronous.py
+++ b/connexion/apps/asynchronous.py
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ def __init__(self) -> None:
         self.router = Router()
         super().__init__(self.router)
 
-    def add_api(self, *args, name: str = None, **kwargs):
+    def add_api(self, *args, name: t.Optional[str] = None, **kwargs):
         api = super().add_api(*args, **kwargs)
 
         if name is not None:
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ def add_api(self, *args, name: str = None, **kwargs):
     def add_url_rule(
         self,
         rule,
-        endpoint: str = None,
+        endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None,
         view_func: t.Callable = None,
         methods: t.List[str] = None,
         **options,
@@ -200,7 +200,11 @@ def __init__(
         )
 
     def add_url_rule(
-        self, rule, endpoint: str = None, view_func: t.Callable = None, **options
+        self,
+        rule,
+        endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        view_func: t.Callable = None,
+        **options,
     ):
         self._middleware_app.add_url_rule(
             rule, endpoint=endpoint, view_func=view_func, **options
diff --git a/connexion/apps/flask.py b/connexion/apps/flask.py
index 057ce8baa..4c7c14ec7 100644
--- a/connexion/apps/flask.py
+++ b/connexion/apps/flask.py
@@ -108,12 +108,20 @@ def _framework_path_and_name(
         return flask_path, endpoint_name
 
     def _add_operation_internal(
-        self, method: str, path: str, operation: t.Callable, name: str = None
+        self,
+        method: str,
+        path: str,
+        operation: t.Callable,
+        name: t.Optional[str] = None,
     ) -> None:
         self.blueprint.add_url_rule(path, name, operation, methods=[method])
 
     def add_url_rule(
-        self, rule, endpoint: str = None, view_func: t.Callable = None, **options
+        self,
+        rule,
+        endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        view_func: t.Callable = None,
+        **options,
     ):
         return self.blueprint.add_url_rule(rule, endpoint, view_func, **options)
 
@@ -132,7 +140,7 @@ def __init__(self, import_name, server_args: dict, **kwargs):
 
         self.asgi_app = WSGIMiddleware(self.app.wsgi_app)
 
-    def add_api(self, specification, *, name: str = None, **kwargs):
+    def add_api(self, specification, *, name: t.Optional[str] = None, **kwargs):
         api = FlaskApi(specification, **kwargs)
 
         if name is not None:
@@ -143,7 +151,11 @@ def add_api(self, specification, *, name: str = None, **kwargs):
         return api
 
     def add_url_rule(
-        self, rule, endpoint: str = None, view_func: t.Callable = None, **options
+        self,
+        rule,
+        endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        view_func: t.Callable = None,
+        **options,
     ):
         return self.app.add_url_rule(rule, endpoint, view_func, **options)
 
@@ -245,7 +257,11 @@ def _http_exception(self, exc: werkzeug.exceptions.HTTPException):
         raise starlette.exceptions.HTTPException(exc.code, detail=exc.description)
 
     def add_url_rule(
-        self, rule, endpoint: str = None, view_func: t.Callable = None, **options
+        self,
+        rule,
+        endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        view_func: t.Callable = None,
+        **options,
     ):
         self._middleware_app.add_url_rule(
             rule, endpoint=endpoint, view_func=view_func, **options
diff --git a/connexion/exceptions.py b/connexion/exceptions.py
index 42fde153f..f84f17ee7 100644
--- a/connexion/exceptions.py
+++ b/connexion/exceptions.py
@@ -75,7 +75,13 @@ class ClientProblem(ProblemException):
     """Base exception for any 4XX error. Returns 400 by default, however
     :class:`BadRequestProblem` should be preferred for 400 errors."""
 
-    def __init__(self, status: int = 400, title: str = None, *, detail: str = None):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        status: int = 400,
+        title: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        *,
+        detail: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ):
         super().__init__(status=status, title=title, detail=detail)
 
 
diff --git a/connexion/frameworks/abstract.py b/connexion/frameworks/abstract.py
index 88f90158f..a7f24ac0b 100644
--- a/connexion/frameworks/abstract.py
+++ b/connexion/frameworks/abstract.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ def build_response(
         cls,
         data: t.Any,
         *,
-        content_type: str = None,
+        content_type: t.Optional[str] = None,
         headers: dict = None,
         status_code: int = None
     ):
diff --git a/connexion/frameworks/flask.py b/connexion/frameworks/flask.py
index 958759589..303647f67 100644
--- a/connexion/frameworks/flask.py
+++ b/connexion/frameworks/flask.py
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ def build_response(
         cls,
         data: t.Any,
         *,
-        content_type: str = None,
+        content_type: t.Optional[str] = None,
         headers: dict = None,
         status_code: int = None
     ):
diff --git a/connexion/frameworks/starlette.py b/connexion/frameworks/starlette.py
index 097c10e54..c1665294b 100644
--- a/connexion/frameworks/starlette.py
+++ b/connexion/frameworks/starlette.py
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ def build_response(
         cls,
         data: t.Any,
         *,
-        content_type: str = None,
+        content_type: t.Optional[str] = None,
         headers: dict = None,
         status_code: int = None,
     ):
diff --git a/connexion/middleware/abstract.py b/connexion/middleware/abstract.py
index a5fd58aa1..64b6e7c34 100644
--- a/connexion/middleware/abstract.py
+++ b/connexion/middleware/abstract.py
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ def _framework_path_and_name(
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
     def _add_operation_internal(
-        self, method: str, path: str, operation: OP, name: str = None
+        self, method: str, path: str, operation: OP, name: t.Optional[str] = None
     ) -> None:
         """
         Adds the operation according to the user framework in use.
diff --git a/connexion/middleware/main.py b/connexion/middleware/main.py
index ea1db66fa..7e09ac963 100644
--- a/connexion/middleware/main.py
+++ b/connexion/middleware/main.py
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ def add_error_handler(
         error_handler = (code_or_exception, function)
         self.error_handlers.append(error_handler)
 
-    def run(self, import_string: str = None, **kwargs):
+    def run(self, import_string: t.Optional[str] = None, **kwargs):
         """Run the application using uvicorn.
 
         :param import_string: application as import string (eg. "main:app"). This is needed to run
diff --git a/connexion/middleware/routing.py b/connexion/middleware/routing.py
index cac632d40..8323234f5 100644
--- a/connexion/middleware/routing.py
+++ b/connexion/middleware/routing.py
@@ -87,7 +87,11 @@ def _framework_path_and_name(
         return starlette_path, starlette_path
 
     def _add_operation_internal(
-        self, method: str, path: str, operation: RoutingOperation, name: str = None
+        self,
+        method: str,
+        path: str,
+        operation: RoutingOperation,
+        name: t.Optional[str] = None,
     ) -> None:
         self.router.add_route(path, operation, methods=[method])
 
diff --git a/connexion/operations/abstract.py b/connexion/operations/abstract.py
index ddd5196d4..0e1fa2efc 100644
--- a/connexion/operations/abstract.py
+++ b/connexion/operations/abstract.py
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 
 import abc
 import logging
+import typing as t
 
 from connexion.utils import all_json
 
@@ -168,13 +169,13 @@ def body_name(self, content_type: str) -> str:
         """
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
-    def body_schema(self, content_type: str = None) -> dict:
+    def body_schema(self, content_type: t.Optional[str] = None) -> dict:
         """
         The body schema definition for this operation.
         """
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
-    def body_definition(self, content_type: str = None) -> dict:
+    def body_definition(self, content_type: t.Optional[str] = None) -> dict:
         """
         The body definition for this operation.
         :rtype: dict
diff --git a/connexion/operations/openapi.py b/connexion/operations/openapi.py
index a732047c2..88af973c9 100644
--- a/connexion/operations/openapi.py
+++ b/connexion/operations/openapi.py
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 """
 
 import logging
+import typing as t
 
 from connexion.datastructures import MediaTypeDict
 from connexion.operations.abstract import AbstractOperation
@@ -212,13 +213,13 @@ def get_path_parameter_types(self):
     def body_name(self, _content_type: str) -> str:
         return self.request_body.get("x-body-name", "body")
 
-    def body_schema(self, content_type: str = None) -> dict:
+    def body_schema(self, content_type: t.Optional[str] = None) -> dict:
         """
         The body schema definition for this operation.
         """
         return self.body_definition(content_type).get("schema", {})
 
-    def body_definition(self, content_type: str = None) -> dict:
+    def body_definition(self, content_type: t.Optional[str] = None) -> dict:
         """
         The body complete definition for this operation.
 
diff --git a/connexion/operations/swagger2.py b/connexion/operations/swagger2.py
index d9e30f012..680e29370 100644
--- a/connexion/operations/swagger2.py
+++ b/connexion/operations/swagger2.py
@@ -215,17 +215,17 @@ def example_response(self, status_code=None, *args, **kwargs):
 
         return (build_example_from_schema(schema), status_code)
 
-    def body_name(self, content_type: str = None) -> str:
+    def body_name(self, content_type: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
         return self.body_definition(content_type).get("name", "body")
 
-    def body_schema(self, content_type: str = None) -> dict:
+    def body_schema(self, content_type: t.Optional[str] = None) -> dict:
         """
         The body schema definition for this operation.
         """
         body_definition = self.body_definition(content_type)
         return self.with_definitions(body_definition).get("schema", {})
 
-    def body_definition(self, content_type: str = None) -> dict:
+    def body_definition(self, content_type: t.Optional[str] = None) -> dict:
         """
         The body complete definition for this operation.
 

From 4e110967d9e59defee2fa4180bf7bb6d39bbabae Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: druizz90 <32929872+druizz90@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 4 Sep 2024 11:38:33 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 3/5] Improve type hints for nullable dicts

---
 connexion/frameworks/abstract.py  | 2 +-
 connexion/frameworks/flask.py     | 2 +-
 connexion/frameworks/starlette.py | 2 +-
 connexion/middleware/security.py  | 6 +++++-
 connexion/testing.py              | 2 +-
 5 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/connexion/frameworks/abstract.py b/connexion/frameworks/abstract.py
index a7f24ac0b..56c5aec0d 100644
--- a/connexion/frameworks/abstract.py
+++ b/connexion/frameworks/abstract.py
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ def build_response(
         data: t.Any,
         *,
         content_type: t.Optional[str] = None,
-        headers: dict = None,
+        headers: t.Optional[dict] = None,
         status_code: int = None
     ):
         raise NotImplementedError
diff --git a/connexion/frameworks/flask.py b/connexion/frameworks/flask.py
index 303647f67..66b561300 100644
--- a/connexion/frameworks/flask.py
+++ b/connexion/frameworks/flask.py
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ def build_response(
         data: t.Any,
         *,
         content_type: t.Optional[str] = None,
-        headers: dict = None,
+        headers: t.Optional[dict] = None,
         status_code: int = None
     ):
         if cls.is_framework_response(data):
diff --git a/connexion/frameworks/starlette.py b/connexion/frameworks/starlette.py
index c1665294b..a6e098454 100644
--- a/connexion/frameworks/starlette.py
+++ b/connexion/frameworks/starlette.py
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ def build_response(
         data: t.Any,
         *,
         content_type: t.Optional[str] = None,
-        headers: dict = None,
+        headers: t.Optional[dict] = None,
         status_code: int = None,
     ):
         if isinstance(data, dict) or isinstance(data, list):
diff --git a/connexion/middleware/security.py b/connexion/middleware/security.py
index f6d150fcf..e283cc5b3 100644
--- a/connexion/middleware/security.py
+++ b/connexion/middleware/security.py
@@ -113,7 +113,11 @@ async def __call__(self, scope: Scope, receive: Receive, send: Send) -> None:
 
 class SecurityAPI(RoutedAPI[SecurityOperation]):
     def __init__(
-        self, *args, auth_all_paths: bool = False, security_map: dict = None, **kwargs
+        self,
+        *args,
+        auth_all_paths: bool = False,
+        security_map: t.Optional[dict] = None,
+        **kwargs,
     ):
         super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
 
diff --git a/connexion/testing.py b/connexion/testing.py
index 20a4335bf..fb36c1c60 100644
--- a/connexion/testing.py
+++ b/connexion/testing.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class TestContext:
     def __init__(
         self,
         *,
-        context: dict = None,
+        context: t.Optional[dict] = None,
         operation: AbstractOperation = None,
         receive: Receive = None,
         scope: Scope = None,

From 1851f080e14fcb4d7421c454df78123d45608afd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: druizz90 <32929872+druizz90@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 4 Sep 2024 11:48:27 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 4/5] Improve type hints for nullable types in testing module

---
 connexion/testing.py | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/connexion/testing.py b/connexion/testing.py
index fb36c1c60..0abcc897a 100644
--- a/connexion/testing.py
+++ b/connexion/testing.py
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ def __init__(
         self,
         *,
         context: t.Optional[dict] = None,
-        operation: AbstractOperation = None,
-        receive: Receive = None,
-        scope: Scope = None,
+        operation: t.Optional[AbstractOperation] = None,
+        receive: t.Optional[Receive] = None,
+        scope: t.Optional[Scope] = None,
     ) -> None:
         self.context = context if context is not None else self.build_context()
         self.operation = operation if operation is not None else self.build_operation()

From 5f99dce0489399de22997b796b54936a1a73f721 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: druizz90 <32929872+druizz90@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 4 Sep 2024 11:52:19 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 5/5] Improve type hints for nullable callables

---
 connexion/apps/abstract.py     | 2 +-
 connexion/apps/asynchronous.py | 4 ++--
 connexion/apps/flask.py        | 6 +++---
 3 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/connexion/apps/abstract.py b/connexion/apps/abstract.py
index 5b299a786..a332ade66 100644
--- a/connexion/apps/abstract.py
+++ b/connexion/apps/abstract.py
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ def add_url_rule(
         self,
         rule,
         endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None,
-        view_func: t.Callable = None,
+        view_func: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None,
         **options,
     ):
         """
diff --git a/connexion/apps/asynchronous.py b/connexion/apps/asynchronous.py
index a0ac548f3..eb51e0afa 100644
--- a/connexion/apps/asynchronous.py
+++ b/connexion/apps/asynchronous.py
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ def add_url_rule(
         self,
         rule,
         endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None,
-        view_func: t.Callable = None,
+        view_func: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None,
         methods: t.List[str] = None,
         **options,
     ):
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ def add_url_rule(
         self,
         rule,
         endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None,
-        view_func: t.Callable = None,
+        view_func: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None,
         **options,
     ):
         self._middleware_app.add_url_rule(
diff --git a/connexion/apps/flask.py b/connexion/apps/flask.py
index 4c7c14ec7..2017148ef 100644
--- a/connexion/apps/flask.py
+++ b/connexion/apps/flask.py
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def add_url_rule(
         self,
         rule,
         endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None,
-        view_func: t.Callable = None,
+        view_func: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None,
         **options,
     ):
         return self.blueprint.add_url_rule(rule, endpoint, view_func, **options)
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ def add_url_rule(
         self,
         rule,
         endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None,
-        view_func: t.Callable = None,
+        view_func: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None,
         **options,
     ):
         return self.app.add_url_rule(rule, endpoint, view_func, **options)
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ def add_url_rule(
         self,
         rule,
         endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None,
-        view_func: t.Callable = None,
+        view_func: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None,
         **options,
     ):
         self._middleware_app.add_url_rule(