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format.c
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format.c
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/*
* Rufus: The Reliable USB Formatting Utility
* Formatting function calls
* Copyright © 2011-2020 Pete Batard <pete@akeo.ie>
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#ifdef _CRTDBG_MAP_ALLOC
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <crtdbg.h>
#endif
#include <windows.h>
#include <windowsx.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <process.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <vds.h>
#include "rufus.h"
#include "missing.h"
#include "resource.h"
#include "settings.h"
#include "msapi_utf8.h"
#include "localization.h"
#include "br.h"
#include "fat16.h"
#include "fat32.h"
#include "ntfs.h"
#include "partition_info.h"
#include "file.h"
#include "drive.h"
#include "format.h"
#include "badblocks.h"
#include "bled/bled.h"
#include "../res/grub/grub_version.h"
/*
* Globals
*/
const char* FileSystemLabel[FS_MAX] = { "FAT", "FAT32", "NTFS", "UDF", "exFAT", "ReFS", "ext2", "ext3", "ext4" };
DWORD FormatStatus = 0, LastWriteError = 0;
badblocks_report report = { 0 };
static float format_percent = 0.0f;
static int task_number = 0;
static unsigned int sec_buf_pos = 0;
extern const int nb_steps[FS_MAX];
extern uint32_t dur_mins, dur_secs;
extern uint32_t wim_nb_files, wim_proc_files, wim_extra_files;
static int actual_fs_type, wintogo_index = -1, wininst_index = 0;
extern BOOL force_large_fat32, enable_ntfs_compression, lock_drive, zero_drive, fast_zeroing, enable_file_indexing, write_as_image;
extern BOOL use_vds;
uint8_t *grub2_buf = NULL, *sec_buf = NULL;
long grub2_len;
/*
* Convert the fmifs outputs messages (that use an OEM code page) to UTF-8
*/
static void OutputUTF8Message(const char* src)
{
int len;
wchar_t* wdst = NULL;
if (src == NULL)
goto out;
len = (int)safe_strlen(src);
while ((len > 0) && ((src[len-1] == 0x0A) || (src[len-1] == 0x0D) || (src[len-1] == ' ')))
len--;
if (len == 0)
goto out;
len = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_OEMCP, 0, src, len, NULL, 0);
if (len == 0)
goto out;
wdst = (wchar_t*)calloc(len+1, sizeof(wchar_t));
if ((wdst == NULL) || (MultiByteToWideChar(CP_OEMCP, 0, src, len, wdst, len+1) == 0))
goto out;
uprintf("%S", wdst);
out:
safe_free(wdst);
}
/*
* FormatEx callback. Return FALSE to halt operations
*/
static BOOLEAN __stdcall FormatExCallback(FILE_SYSTEM_CALLBACK_COMMAND Command, DWORD Action, PVOID pData)
{
char percent_str[8];
if (IS_ERROR(FormatStatus))
return FALSE;
assert((actual_fs_type >= 0) && (actual_fs_type < FS_MAX));
switch(Command) {
case FCC_PROGRESS:
static_sprintf(percent_str, "%lu%%", *((DWORD*)pData));
PrintInfo(0, MSG_217, percent_str);
UpdateProgress(OP_FORMAT, 1.0f * (*((DWORD*)pData)));
break;
case FCC_STRUCTURE_PROGRESS: // No progress on quick format
if (task_number < nb_steps[actual_fs_type] - 1) {
if (task_number == 0)
uprintf("Creating file system...");
PrintInfo(0, MSG_218, ++task_number, nb_steps[actual_fs_type]);
format_percent += 100.0f / (1.0f * nb_steps[actual_fs_type]);
UpdateProgress(OP_CREATE_FS, format_percent);
}
break;
case FCC_DONE:
PrintInfo(0, MSG_218, nb_steps[actual_fs_type], nb_steps[actual_fs_type]);
UpdateProgress(OP_CREATE_FS, 100.0f);
if(*(BOOLEAN*)pData == FALSE) {
uprintf("Error while formatting");
FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|ERROR_GEN_FAILURE;
}
break;
case FCC_DONE_WITH_STRUCTURE:
break;
case FCC_INCOMPATIBLE_FILE_SYSTEM:
uprintf("Incompatible File System");
FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|APPERR(ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE_FS);
break;
case FCC_ACCESS_DENIED:
uprintf("Access denied");
FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED;
break;
case FCC_MEDIA_WRITE_PROTECTED:
uprintf("Media is write protected");
FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|ERROR_WRITE_PROTECT;
break;
case FCC_VOLUME_IN_USE:
uprintf("Volume is in use");
FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|ERROR_DEVICE_IN_USE;
break;
case FCC_DEVICE_NOT_READY:
uprintf("The device is not ready");
FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|ERROR_NOT_READY;
break;
case FCC_CANT_QUICK_FORMAT:
uprintf("Cannot quick format this volume");
FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|APPERR(ERROR_CANT_QUICK_FORMAT);
break;
case FCC_BAD_LABEL:
uprintf("Bad label");
FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|ERROR_LABEL_TOO_LONG;
break;
case FCC_OUTPUT:
OutputUTF8Message(((PTEXTOUTPUT)pData)->Output);
break;
case FCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_TOO_BIG:
case FCC_CLUSTER_SIZE_TOO_SMALL:
uprintf("Unsupported cluster size");
FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|APPERR(ERROR_INVALID_CLUSTER_SIZE);
break;
case FCC_VOLUME_TOO_BIG:
case FCC_VOLUME_TOO_SMALL:
uprintf("Volume is too %s", (Command == FCC_VOLUME_TOO_BIG)?"big":"small");
FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|APPERR(ERROR_INVALID_VOLUME_SIZE);
break;
case FCC_NO_MEDIA_IN_DRIVE:
uprintf("No media in drive");
FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|ERROR_NO_MEDIA_IN_DRIVE;
break;
default:
uprintf("FormatExCallback: Received unhandled command 0x02%X - aborting", Command);
FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
break;
}
return (!IS_ERROR(FormatStatus));
}
/*
* Chkdsk callback. Return FALSE to halt operations
*/
static BOOLEAN __stdcall ChkdskCallback(FILE_SYSTEM_CALLBACK_COMMAND Command, DWORD Action, PVOID pData)
{
DWORD* percent;
if (IS_ERROR(FormatStatus))
return FALSE;
switch (Command) {
case FCC_PROGRESS:
case FCC_CHECKDISK_PROGRESS:
percent = (DWORD*)pData;
PrintInfo(0, MSG_219, *percent);
break;
case FCC_DONE:
if (*(BOOLEAN*)pData == FALSE) {
uprintf("Error while checking disk");
return FALSE;
}
break;
case FCC_UNKNOWN1A:
case FCC_DONE_WITH_STRUCTURE:
// Silence these specific calls
break;
case FCC_INCOMPATIBLE_FILE_SYSTEM:
uprintf("Incompatible File System");
return FALSE;
case FCC_ACCESS_DENIED:
uprintf("Access denied");
return FALSE;
case FCC_MEDIA_WRITE_PROTECTED:
uprintf("Media is write protected");
return FALSE;
case FCC_VOLUME_IN_USE:
uprintf("Volume is in use");
return FALSE;
case FCC_OUTPUT:
OutputUTF8Message(((PTEXTOUTPUT)pData)->Output);
break;
case FCC_NO_MEDIA_IN_DRIVE:
uprintf("No media in drive");
return FALSE;
case FCC_READ_ONLY_MODE:
uprintf("Media has been switched to read-only - Leaving checkdisk");
break;
default:
uprintf("ChkdskExCallback: received unhandled command %X", Command);
// Assume the command isn't an error
break;
}
return TRUE;
}
/*
* Converts an UTF-8 label to a valid FAT/NTFS one
* TODO: Use IVdsService::QueryFileSystemTypes -> VDS_FILE_SYSTEM_TYPE_PROP
* to get the list of unauthorised and max length for each FS.
*/
static void ToValidLabel(char* Label, BOOL bFAT)
{
size_t i, j, k;
BOOL found;
const WCHAR unauthorized[] = L"*?,;:/\\|+=<>[]\"";
const WCHAR to_underscore[] = L"\t.";
WCHAR *wLabel = utf8_to_wchar(Label);
if (wLabel == NULL)
return;
for (i = 0, k = 0; i < wcslen(wLabel); i++) {
if (bFAT) { // NTFS does allows all the FAT unauthorized above
found = FALSE;
for (j = 0; j < wcslen(unauthorized); j++) {
if (wLabel[i] == unauthorized[j]) {
found = TRUE;
break;
}
}
// A FAT label that contains extended chars will be rejected
if (wLabel[i] >= 0x80) {
wLabel[k++] = L'_';
found = TRUE;
}
if (found)
continue;
}
found = FALSE;
for (j = 0; j < wcslen(to_underscore); j++) {
if (wLabel[i] == to_underscore[j]) {
wLabel[k++] = '_';
found = TRUE;
break;
}
}
if (found)
continue;
wLabel[k++] = bFAT ? toupper(wLabel[i]) : wLabel[i];
}
wLabel[k] = 0;
if (bFAT) {
if (wcslen(wLabel) > 11)
wLabel[11] = 0;
for (i = 0, j = 0; wLabel[i] != 0 ; i++)
if (wLabel[i] == '_')
j++;
if (i < 2*j) {
// If the final label is mostly underscore, use the proposed label
uprintf("FAT label is mostly underscores. Using '%s' label instead.", SelectedDrive.proposed_label);
for(i = 0; SelectedDrive.proposed_label[i] != 0; i++)
wLabel[i] = SelectedDrive.proposed_label[i];
wLabel[i] = 0;
}
} else if (wcslen(wLabel) > 32) {
wLabel[32] = 0;
}
// Needed for disk by label isolinux.cfg workaround
wchar_to_utf8_no_alloc(wLabel, img_report.usb_label, sizeof(img_report.usb_label));
safe_strcpy(Label, strlen(Label) + 1, img_report.usb_label);
free(wLabel);
}
/*
* Call on VDS to format a partition
*/
static BOOL FormatNativeVds(DWORD DriveIndex, uint64_t PartitionOffset, DWORD ClusterSize, LPCSTR FSName, LPCSTR Label, DWORD Flags)
{
BOOL r = FALSE, bFoundVolume = FALSE;
HRESULT hr;
ULONG ulFetched;
IVdsServiceLoader *pLoader;
IVdsService *pService;
IEnumVdsObject *pEnum;
IUnknown *pUnk;
char* VolumeName = NULL;
WCHAR *wVolumeName = NULL, *wLabel = utf8_to_wchar(Label), *wFSName = utf8_to_wchar(FSName);
if ((strcmp(FSName, FileSystemLabel[FS_EXFAT]) == 0) && !((dur_mins == 0) && (dur_secs == 0))) {
PrintInfoDebug(0, MSG_220, FSName, dur_mins, dur_secs);
} else {
PrintInfoDebug(0, MSG_222, FSName);
}
UpdateProgressWithInfoInit(NULL, TRUE);
VolumeName = GetLogicalName(DriveIndex, PartitionOffset, TRUE, TRUE);
wVolumeName = utf8_to_wchar(VolumeName);
if (wVolumeName == NULL) {
uprintf("Could not read volume name");
FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR | FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE) | ERROR_GEN_FAILURE;
goto out;
}
// Initialize COM
IGNORE_RETVAL(CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_APARTMENTTHREADED));
IGNORE_RETVAL(CoInitializeSecurity(NULL, -1, NULL, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_CONNECT,
RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, 0, NULL));
// Create a VDS Loader Instance
hr = CoCreateInstance(&CLSID_VdsLoader, NULL, CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER | CLSCTX_REMOTE_SERVER,
&IID_IVdsServiceLoader, (void **)&pLoader);
if (hr != S_OK) {
VDS_SET_ERROR(hr);
uprintf("Could not create VDS Loader Instance: %s", WindowsErrorString());
goto out;
}
// Load the VDS Service
hr = IVdsServiceLoader_LoadService(pLoader, L"", &pService);
IVdsServiceLoader_Release(pLoader);
if (hr != S_OK) {
VDS_SET_ERROR(hr);
uprintf("Could not load VDS Service: %s", WindowsErrorString());
goto out;
}
// Wait for the Service to become ready if needed
hr = IVdsService_WaitForServiceReady(pService);
if (hr != S_OK) {
VDS_SET_ERROR(hr);
uprintf("VDS Service is not ready: %s", WindowsErrorString());
goto out;
}
// Query the VDS Service Providers
hr = IVdsService_QueryProviders(pService, VDS_QUERY_SOFTWARE_PROVIDERS, &pEnum);
if (hr != S_OK) {
VDS_SET_ERROR(hr);
uprintf("Could not query VDS Service Providers: %s", WindowsErrorString());
goto out;
}
while (IEnumVdsObject_Next(pEnum, 1, &pUnk, &ulFetched) == S_OK) {
IVdsProvider *pProvider;
IVdsSwProvider *pSwProvider;
IEnumVdsObject *pEnumPack;
IUnknown *pPackUnk;
CHECK_FOR_USER_CANCEL;
// Get VDS Provider
hr = IUnknown_QueryInterface(pUnk, &IID_IVdsProvider, (void **)&pProvider);
IUnknown_Release(pUnk);
if (hr != S_OK) {
VDS_SET_ERROR(hr);
uprintf("Could not get VDS Provider: %s", WindowsErrorString());
goto out;
}
// Get VDS Software Provider
hr = IVdsSwProvider_QueryInterface(pProvider, &IID_IVdsSwProvider, (void **)&pSwProvider);
IVdsProvider_Release(pProvider);
if (hr != S_OK) {
VDS_SET_ERROR(hr);
uprintf("Could not get VDS Software Provider: %s", WindowsErrorString());
goto out;
}
// Get VDS Software Provider Packs
hr = IVdsSwProvider_QueryPacks(pSwProvider, &pEnumPack);
IVdsSwProvider_Release(pSwProvider);
if (hr != S_OK) {
VDS_SET_ERROR(hr);
uprintf("Could not get VDS Software Provider Packs: %s", WindowsErrorString());
goto out;
}
// Enumerate Provider Packs
while (IEnumVdsObject_Next(pEnumPack, 1, &pPackUnk, &ulFetched) == S_OK) {
IVdsPack *pPack;
IEnumVdsObject *pEnumVolume;
IUnknown *pVolumeUnk;
CHECK_FOR_USER_CANCEL;
hr = IUnknown_QueryInterface(pPackUnk, &IID_IVdsPack, (void **)&pPack);
IUnknown_Release(pPackUnk);
if (hr != S_OK) {
VDS_SET_ERROR(hr);
uprintf("Could not query VDS Software Provider Pack: %s", WindowsErrorString());
goto out;
}
// Use the pack interface to access the volumes
hr = IVdsPack_QueryVolumes(pPack, &pEnumVolume);
if (hr != S_OK) {
VDS_SET_ERROR(hr);
uprintf("Could not query VDS volumes: %s", WindowsErrorString());
goto out;
}
// List volumes
while (IEnumVdsObject_Next(pEnumVolume, 1, &pVolumeUnk, &ulFetched) == S_OK) {
BOOL match;
HRESULT hr2 = E_FAIL;
VDS_VOLUME_PROP VolumeProps;
LPWSTR *wszPathArray;
ULONG ulPercentCompleted, ulNumberOfPaths;
USHORT usFsVersion = 0;
IVdsVolume *pVolume;
IVdsAsync* pAsync;
IVdsVolumeMF3 *pVolumeMF3;
CHECK_FOR_USER_CANCEL;
// Get the volume interface.
hr = IUnknown_QueryInterface(pVolumeUnk, &IID_IVdsVolume, (void **)&pVolume);
if (hr != S_OK) {
VDS_SET_ERROR(hr);
uprintf("Could not query VDS Volume Interface: %s", WindowsErrorString());
goto out;
}
hr = IVdsVolume_GetProperties(pVolume, &VolumeProps);
if ((hr != S_OK) && (hr != VDS_S_PROPERTIES_INCOMPLETE)) {
VDS_SET_ERROR(hr);
IVdsVolume_Release(pVolume);
uprintf("Could not query VDS Volume Properties: %s", WindowsErrorString());
continue;
}
CoTaskMemFree(VolumeProps.pwszName);
// Instantiate the IVdsVolumeMF3 interface for our volume.
hr = IVdsVolume_QueryInterface(pVolume, &IID_IVdsVolumeMF3, (void **)&pVolumeMF3);
IVdsVolume_Release(pVolume);
if (hr != S_OK) {
VDS_SET_ERROR(hr);
uprintf("Could not access VDS VolumeMF3 interface: %s", WindowsErrorString());
continue;
}
// Query the volume GUID
hr = IVdsVolumeMF3_QueryVolumeGuidPathnames(pVolumeMF3, &wszPathArray, &ulNumberOfPaths);
if (hr != S_OK) {
VDS_SET_ERROR(hr);
uprintf("Could not query VDS VolumeGuidPathnames: %s", WindowsErrorString());
continue;
}
if (ulNumberOfPaths > 1)
uprintf("Notice: Volume %S has more than one GUID...", wszPathArray[0]);
match = (wcscmp(wVolumeName, wszPathArray[0]) == 0);
CoTaskMemFree(wszPathArray);
if (!match)
continue;
bFoundVolume = TRUE;
if (strcmp(Label, FileSystemLabel[FS_UDF]) == 0)
usFsVersion = ReadSetting32(SETTING_USE_UDF_VERSION);
if (ClusterSize < 0x200) {
ClusterSize = 0;
uprintf("Using default cluster size");
} else {
uprintf("Using cluster size: %d bytes", ClusterSize);
}
format_percent = 0.0f;
uprintf("%s format was selected", (Flags & FP_QUICK) ? "Quick" : "Slow");
if (Flags & FP_COMPRESSION)
uprintf("NTFS compression is enabled");
hr = IVdsVolumeMF3_FormatEx2(pVolumeMF3, wFSName, usFsVersion, ClusterSize, wLabel, Flags, &pAsync);
while (SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
if (IS_ERROR(FormatStatus)) {
IVdsAsync_Cancel(pAsync);
break;
}
hr = IVdsAsync_QueryStatus(pAsync, &hr2, &ulPercentCompleted);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
if (Flags & FP_QUICK) {
// Progress report on quick format is useless, so we'll just pretend we have 2 tasks
PrintInfo(0, MSG_218, (ulPercentCompleted < 100) ? 1 : 2, 2);
UpdateProgress(OP_CREATE_FS, (float)ulPercentCompleted);
} else {
UpdateProgressWithInfo(OP_FORMAT, MSG_217, ulPercentCompleted, 100);
}
hr = hr2;
if (hr == S_OK)
break;
if (hr == VDS_E_OPERATION_PENDING)
hr = S_OK;
}
Sleep(500);
}
if (!SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
VDS_SET_ERROR(hr);
uprintf("Could not format drive: %s", WindowsErrorString());
goto out;
}
IVdsAsync_Release(pAsync);
IVdsVolumeMF3_Release(pVolumeMF3);
if (!IS_ERROR(FormatStatus)) {
uprintf("Format completed.");
r = TRUE;
}
goto out;
}
}
}
out:
if ((!bFoundVolume) && (FormatStatus == 0))
FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR | FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE) | ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND;
safe_free(VolumeName);
safe_free(wVolumeName);
safe_free(wLabel);
safe_free(wFSName);
return r;
}
/*
* Call on fmifs.dll's FormatEx() to format the drive
*/
static BOOL FormatNative(DWORD DriveIndex, uint64_t PartitionOffset, DWORD ClusterSize, LPCSTR FSName, LPCSTR Label, DWORD Flags)
{
BOOL r = FALSE;
PF_DECL(FormatEx);
PF_DECL(EnableVolumeCompression);
char *locale, *VolumeName = NULL;
WCHAR* wVolumeName = NULL, *wLabel = utf8_to_wchar(Label), *wFSName = utf8_to_wchar(FSName);
size_t i;
if ((strcmp(FSName, FileSystemLabel[FS_EXFAT]) == 0) && !((dur_mins == 0) && (dur_secs == 0))) {
PrintInfoDebug(0, MSG_220, FSName, dur_mins, dur_secs);
} else {
PrintInfoDebug(0, MSG_222, FSName);
}
VolumeName = GetLogicalName(DriveIndex, PartitionOffset, TRUE, TRUE);
wVolumeName = utf8_to_wchar(VolumeName);
if (wVolumeName == NULL) {
uprintf("Could not read volume name");
FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|ERROR_GEN_FAILURE;
goto out;
}
// Hey, nice consistency here, Microsoft! - FormatEx() fails if wVolumeName has
// a trailing backslash, but EnableCompression() fails without...
wVolumeName[wcslen(wVolumeName)-1] = 0; // Remove trailing backslash
// LoadLibrary("fmifs.dll") appears to changes the locale, which can lead to
// problems with tolower(). Make sure we restore the locale. For more details,
// see https://sourceforge.net/p/mingw/mailman/message/29269040/
locale = setlocale(LC_ALL, NULL);
PF_INIT_OR_OUT(FormatEx, fmifs);
PF_INIT(EnableVolumeCompression, fmifs);
setlocale(LC_ALL, locale);
if (ClusterSize < 0x200) {
// 0 is FormatEx's value for default, which we need to use for UDF
ClusterSize = 0;
uprintf("Using default cluster size");
} else {
uprintf("Using cluster size: %d bytes", ClusterSize);
}
format_percent = 0.0f;
task_number = 0;
uprintf("%s format was selected", (Flags & FP_QUICK) ? "Quick" : "Slow");
for (i = 0; i < WRITE_RETRIES; i++) {
pfFormatEx(wVolumeName, SelectedDrive.MediaType, wFSName, wLabel,
(Flags & FP_QUICK), ClusterSize, FormatExCallback);
if (!IS_ERROR(FormatStatus) || (HRESULT_CODE(FormatStatus) == ERROR_CANCELLED))
break;
uprintf("%s - Retrying...", WindowsErrorString());
Sleep(WRITE_TIMEOUT);
}
if (IS_ERROR(FormatStatus))
goto out;
if (Flags & FP_COMPRESSION) {
wVolumeName[wcslen(wVolumeName)] = '\\'; // Add trailing backslash back again
if (pfEnableVolumeCompression(wVolumeName, FPF_COMPRESSED)) {
uprintf("Enabled NTFS compression");
} else {
uprintf("Could not enable NTFS compression: %s", WindowsErrorString());
}
}
if (!IS_ERROR(FormatStatus)) {
uprintf("Format completed.");
r = TRUE;
}
out:
if (!r && !IS_ERROR(FormatStatus))
FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|SCODE_CODE(GetLastError());
safe_free(VolumeName);
safe_free(wVolumeName);
safe_free(wLabel);
safe_free(wFSName);
return r;
}
static BOOL FormatPartition(DWORD DriveIndex, uint64_t PartitionOffset, DWORD UnitAllocationSize, USHORT FSType, LPCSTR Label, DWORD Flags)
{
if ((DriveIndex < 0x80) || (DriveIndex > 0x100) || (FSType >= FS_MAX) ||
((UnitAllocationSize != 0) && (!IS_POWER_OF_2(UnitAllocationSize)))) {
ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR | FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE) | ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
return FALSE;
}
actual_fs_type = FSType;
if ((FSType == FS_FAT32) && ((SelectedDrive.DiskSize > LARGE_FAT32_SIZE) || (force_large_fat32) || (Flags & FP_LARGE_FAT32)))
return FormatLargeFAT32(DriveIndex, PartitionOffset, UnitAllocationSize, FileSystemLabel[FSType], Label, Flags);
else if (FSType >= FS_EXT2)
return FormatExtFs(DriveIndex, PartitionOffset, UnitAllocationSize, FileSystemLabel[FSType], Label, Flags);
else if (use_vds)
return FormatNativeVds(DriveIndex, PartitionOffset, UnitAllocationSize, FileSystemLabel[FSType], Label, Flags);
else
return FormatNative(DriveIndex, PartitionOffset, UnitAllocationSize, FileSystemLabel[FSType], Label, Flags);
}
/*
* Call on fmifs.dll's Chkdsk() to fixup the filesystem
*/
static BOOL CheckDisk(char DriveLetter)
{
BOOL r = FALSE;
PF_DECL(Chkdsk);
WCHAR wDriveRoot[] = L"?:\\";
WCHAR wFSType[32];
size_t i;
wDriveRoot[0] = (WCHAR)DriveLetter;
PrintInfoDebug(0, MSG_223);
PF_INIT_OR_OUT(Chkdsk, Fmifs);
GetWindowTextW(hFileSystem, wFSType, ARRAYSIZE(wFSType));
// We may have a " (Default)" trail
for (i=0; i<wcslen(wFSType); i++) {
if (wFSType[i] == ' ') {
wFSType[i] = 0;
break;
}
}
pfChkdsk(wDriveRoot, wFSType, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, NULL, NULL, ChkdskCallback);
if (!IS_ERROR(FormatStatus)) {
uprintf("NTFS Fixup completed.\n");
r = TRUE;
}
out:
return r;
}
static BOOL ClearMBRGPT(HANDLE hPhysicalDrive, LONGLONG DiskSize, DWORD SectorSize, BOOL add1MB)
{
BOOL r = FALSE;
uint64_t i, j, last_sector = DiskSize/SectorSize, num_sectors_to_clear;
unsigned char* pBuf = (unsigned char*) calloc(SectorSize, 1);
PrintInfoDebug(0, MSG_224);
if (pBuf == NULL) {
FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY;
goto out;
}
// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUID_Partition_Table tells us we should clear 34 sectors at the
// beginning and 33 at the end. We bump these values to MAX_SECTORS_TO_CLEAR each end to help
// with reluctant access to large drive.
// We try to clear at least 1MB + the PBR when Large FAT32 is selected (add1MB), but
// don't do it otherwise, as it seems unnecessary and may take time for slow drives.
// Also, for various reasons (one of which being that Windows seems to have issues
// with GPT drives that contain a lot of small partitions) we try not not to clear
// sectors further than the lowest partition already residing on the disk.
num_sectors_to_clear = min(SelectedDrive.FirstDataSector, (DWORD)((add1MB ? 2048 : 0) + MAX_SECTORS_TO_CLEAR));
// Special case for big floppy disks (FirstDataSector = 0)
if (num_sectors_to_clear < 4)
num_sectors_to_clear = (DWORD)((add1MB ? 2048 : 0) + MAX_SECTORS_TO_CLEAR);
uprintf("Erasing %d sectors", num_sectors_to_clear);
for (i = 0; i < num_sectors_to_clear; i++) {
for (j = 1; j <= WRITE_RETRIES; j++) {
CHECK_FOR_USER_CANCEL;
if (write_sectors(hPhysicalDrive, SectorSize, i, 1, pBuf) == SectorSize)
break;
if (j >= WRITE_RETRIES)
goto out;
uprintf("Retrying in %d seconds...", WRITE_TIMEOUT / 1000);
// Don't sit idly but use the downtime to check for conflicting processes...
Sleep(CheckDriveAccess(WRITE_TIMEOUT, FALSE));
}
}
for (i = last_sector - MAX_SECTORS_TO_CLEAR; i < last_sector; i++) {
for (j = 1; j <= WRITE_RETRIES; j++) {
CHECK_FOR_USER_CANCEL;
if (write_sectors(hPhysicalDrive, SectorSize, i, 1, pBuf) == SectorSize)
break;
if (j >= WRITE_RETRIES) {
// Windows seems to be an ass about keeping a lock on a backup GPT,
// so we try to be lenient about not being able to clear it.
uprintf("Warning: Failed to clear backup GPT...");
r = TRUE;
goto out;
}
uprintf("Retrying in %d seconds...", WRITE_TIMEOUT / 1000);
Sleep(CheckDriveAccess(WRITE_TIMEOUT, FALSE));
}
}
r = TRUE;
out:
safe_free(pBuf);
return r;
}
/*
* Process the Master Boot Record
*/
static BOOL WriteMBR(HANDLE hPhysicalDrive)
{
BOOL r = FALSE;
DWORD size;
unsigned char* buffer = NULL;
FAKE_FD fake_fd = { 0 };
FILE* fp = (FILE*)&fake_fd;
const char* using_msg = "Using %s MBR";
if (SelectedDrive.SectorSize < 512)
goto out;
if (partition_type == PARTITION_STYLE_GPT) {
// Add a notice with a protective MBR
fake_fd._handle = (char*)hPhysicalDrive;
set_bytes_per_sector(SelectedDrive.SectorSize);
uprintf(using_msg, "Rufus protective");
r = write_rufus_msg_mbr(fp);
goto notify;
}
// FormatEx rewrites the MBR and removes the LBA attribute of FAT16
// and FAT32 partitions - we need to correct this in the MBR
buffer = (unsigned char*)_mm_malloc(SelectedDrive.SectorSize, 16);
if (buffer == NULL) {
uprintf("Could not allocate memory for MBR");
FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY;
goto out;
}
if (!read_sectors(hPhysicalDrive, SelectedDrive.SectorSize, 0, 1, buffer)) {
uprintf("Could not read MBR\n");
FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|ERROR_READ_FAULT;
goto out;
}
switch (ComboBox_GetItemData(hFileSystem, ComboBox_GetCurSel(hFileSystem))) {
case FS_FAT16:
if (buffer[0x1c2] == 0x0e) {
uprintf("Partition is already FAT16 LBA...\n");
} else if ((buffer[0x1c2] != 0x04) && (buffer[0x1c2] != 0x06)) {
uprintf("Warning: converting a non FAT16 partition to FAT16 LBA: FS type=0x%02x\n", buffer[0x1c2]);
}
buffer[0x1c2] = 0x0e;
break;
case FS_FAT32:
if (buffer[0x1c2] == 0x0c) {
uprintf("Partition is already FAT32 LBA...\n");
} else if (buffer[0x1c2] != 0x0b) {
uprintf("Warning: converting a non FAT32 partition to FAT32 LBA: FS type=0x%02x\n", buffer[0x1c2]);
}
buffer[0x1c2] = 0x0c;
break;
}
if ((boot_type != BT_NON_BOOTABLE) && (target_type == TT_BIOS)) {
// Set first partition bootable - masquerade as per the DiskID selected
buffer[0x1be] = IsChecked(IDC_RUFUS_MBR) ?
(BYTE)ComboBox_GetItemData(hDiskID, ComboBox_GetCurSel(hDiskID)):0x80;
uprintf("Set bootable USB partition as 0x%02X\n", buffer[0x1be]);
}
if (!write_sectors(hPhysicalDrive, SelectedDrive.SectorSize, 0, 1, buffer)) {
uprintf("Could not write MBR\n");
FormatStatus = ERROR_SEVERITY_ERROR|FAC(FACILITY_STORAGE)|ERROR_WRITE_FAULT;
goto out;
}
fake_fd._handle = (char*)hPhysicalDrive;
set_bytes_per_sector(SelectedDrive.SectorSize);
// What follows is really a case statement with complex conditions listed
// by order of preference
if ((boot_type == BT_IMAGE) && HAS_WINDOWS(img_report) && (allow_dual_uefi_bios) && (target_type == TT_BIOS))
goto windows_mbr;
// Non bootable or forced UEFI (zeroed MBR)
if ((boot_type == BT_NON_BOOTABLE) || (target_type == TT_UEFI)) {
uprintf(using_msg, "Zeroed");
r = write_zero_mbr(fp);
goto notify;
}
// Syslinux
if ( (boot_type == BT_SYSLINUX_V4) || (boot_type == BT_SYSLINUX_V6) ||
((boot_type == BT_IMAGE) && HAS_SYSLINUX(img_report)) ) {
uprintf(using_msg, "Syslinux");
r = write_syslinux_mbr(fp);
goto notify;
}
// Grub 2.0
if ( ((boot_type == BT_IMAGE) && (img_report.has_grub2)) || (boot_type == BT_GRUB2) ) {
uprintf(using_msg, "Grub 2.0");
r = write_grub2_mbr(fp);
goto notify;
}
// Grub4DOS
if ( ((boot_type == BT_IMAGE) && (img_report.has_grub4dos)) || (boot_type == BT_GRUB4DOS) ) {
uprintf(using_msg, "Grub4DOS");
r = write_grub4dos_mbr(fp);
goto notify;
}
// ReactOS
if (boot_type == BT_REACTOS) {
uprintf(using_msg, "ReactOS");
r = write_reactos_mbr(fp);
goto notify;
}
// KolibriOS
if ( (boot_type == BT_IMAGE) && HAS_KOLIBRIOS(img_report) && (IS_FAT(fs_type))) {
uprintf(using_msg, "KolibriOS");
r = write_kolibrios_mbr(fp);
goto notify;
}
// If everything else failed, fall back to a conventional Windows/Rufus MBR
windows_mbr:
if ((HAS_WINPE(img_report) && !img_report.uses_minint) || (IsChecked(IDC_RUFUS_MBR))) {
uprintf(using_msg, APPLICATION_NAME);
r = write_rufus_mbr(fp);
} else {
uprintf(using_msg, "Windows 7");
r = write_win7_mbr(fp);
}
notify:
// Tell the system we've updated the disk properties
if (!DeviceIoControl(hPhysicalDrive, IOCTL_DISK_UPDATE_PROPERTIES, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, &size, NULL))
uprintf("Failed to notify system about disk properties update: %s\n", WindowsErrorString());
out:
safe_mm_free(buffer);
return r;
}
/*
* Write Secondary Boot Record (usually right after the MBR)
*/
static BOOL WriteSBR(HANDLE hPhysicalDrive)
{
// TODO: Do we need anything special for 4K sectors?
DWORD size, max_size, mbr_size = 0x200;
int r, sub_type = boot_type;
unsigned char* buf = NULL;
FAKE_FD fake_fd = { 0 };
FILE* fp = (FILE*)&fake_fd;
fake_fd._handle = (char*)hPhysicalDrive;
set_bytes_per_sector(SelectedDrive.SectorSize);
// Ensure that we have sufficient space for the SBR
max_size = IsChecked(IDC_OLD_BIOS_FIXES) ?
(DWORD)(SelectedDrive.SectorsPerTrack * SelectedDrive.SectorSize) : 1 * MB;
max_size -= mbr_size;
// Syslinux has precedence over Grub
if ((boot_type == BT_IMAGE) && (!HAS_SYSLINUX(img_report))) {
if (img_report.has_grub4dos)
sub_type = BT_GRUB4DOS;
if (img_report.has_grub2)
sub_type = BT_GRUB2;
} else if (partition_type == PARTITION_STYLE_GPT) {
sub_type = BT_NON_BOOTABLE;
}
switch (sub_type) {
case BT_GRUB4DOS:
uprintf("Writing Grub4Dos SBR");
buf = GetResource(hMainInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCEA(IDR_GR_GRUB_GRLDR_MBR), _RT_RCDATA, "grldr.mbr", &size, FALSE);
if ((buf == NULL) || (size <= mbr_size)) {
uprintf("grldr.mbr is either not present or too small");
return FALSE;
}
buf = &buf[mbr_size];
size -= mbr_size;
break;
case BT_GRUB2:
if (grub2_buf != NULL) {
uprintf("Writing Grub 2.0 SBR (from download) %s",
IsBufferInDB(grub2_buf, grub2_len)?"✓":"✗");
buf = grub2_buf;
size = (DWORD)grub2_len;
} else {
uprintf("Writing Grub 2.0 SBR (from embedded)");
buf = GetResource(hMainInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCEA(IDR_GR_GRUB2_CORE_IMG), _RT_RCDATA, "core.img", &size, FALSE);
if (buf == NULL) {
uprintf("Could not access core.img");
return FALSE;
}
}
break;
case BT_NON_BOOTABLE:
uprintf("Writing protective message SBR");
size = 4 * KB;
buf = GetResource(hMainInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCEA(IDR_SBR_MSG), _RT_RCDATA, "msg.txt", &size, TRUE);
if (buf == NULL) {
uprintf("Could not access message");
return FALSE;
}
break;
default:
// No need to write secondary block
return TRUE;
}
if (size > max_size) {
uprintf(" SBR size is too large - You may need to uncheck 'Add fixes for old BIOSes'.");
return FALSE;
}
r = write_data(fp, mbr_size, buf, (uint64_t)size);
safe_free(grub2_buf);
if (sub_type == BT_NON_BOOTABLE)
safe_free(buf);
return (r != 0);
}
/*
* Process the Partition Boot Record
*/
static __inline const char* bt_to_name(void) {
switch (boot_type) {
case BT_FREEDOS: return "FreeDOS";
case BT_REACTOS: return "ReactOS";
default:
return ((boot_type == BT_IMAGE) && HAS_KOLIBRIOS(img_report)) ? "KolibriOS" : "Standard";
}
}
BOOL WritePBR(HANDLE hLogicalVolume)
{
int i;
FAKE_FD fake_fd = { 0 };
FILE* fp = (FILE*)&fake_fd;
const char* using_msg = "Using %s %s partition boot record";
fake_fd._handle = (char*)hLogicalVolume;
set_bytes_per_sector(SelectedDrive.SectorSize);
switch (actual_fs_type) {
case FS_FAT16:
uprintf(using_msg, bt_to_name(), "FAT16");
if (!is_fat_16_fs(fp)) {