diff --git a/trunk/conf/full.conf b/trunk/conf/full.conf
index 9504a0a3d3..e3cd0f39c9 100644
--- a/trunk/conf/full.conf
+++ b/trunk/conf/full.conf
@@ -1341,6 +1341,12 @@ vhost publish.srs.com {
         # Overwrite by env SRS_VHOST_PUBLISH_TRY_ANNEXB_FIRST for all vhosts.
         # default: on
         try_annexb_first on;
+        # The timeout in seconds to disconnect publisher when idle, which means no players.
+        # Note that 0 means no timeout or this feature is disabled.
+        # Note that this feature conflicts with forward, because it disconnect the publisher stream.
+        # Overwrite by env SRS_VHOST_PUBLISH_KICKOFF_FOR_IDLE for all vhosts.
+        # default: 0
+        kickoff_for_idle 0;
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/trunk/conf/rtmp.kickoff.conf b/trunk/conf/rtmp.kickoff.conf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7ab0db693e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/trunk/conf/rtmp.kickoff.conf
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# the config for srs to delivery RTMP with kicking off publish as no one watching.
+# @see https://github.com/ossrs/srs/wiki/v1_CN_SampleRTMP
+# @see full.conf for detail config.
+
+listen              1935;
+max_connections     1000;
+daemon              off;
+srs_log_tank        console;
+vhost __defaultVhost__ {
+    publish {
+        kickoff_for_idle 60000;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/trunk/doc/CHANGELOG.md b/trunk/doc/CHANGELOG.md
index 774e648244..018395bd44 100644
--- a/trunk/doc/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/trunk/doc/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ The changelog for SRS.
 
 ## SRS 6.0 Changelog
 
+* v6.0, 2023-03-04, Merge [#3105](https://github.com/ossrs/srs/pull/3105): Kickoff publisher when stream is idle, which means no players. v6.0.31 (#3105)
 * v6.0, 2023-02-25, Merge [#3438](https://github.com/ossrs/srs/pull/3438): Forward add question mark to the end. v6.0.30 (#3438)
 * v6.0, 2023-02-25, Merge [#3416](https://github.com/ossrs/srs/pull/3416): GB: Support HEVC for regression test and load tool for GB. v6.0.29 (#3416)
 * v6.0, 2023-02-25, Merge [#3424](https://github.com/ossrs/srs/pull/3424): API: Add service_id for http_hooks, which identify the process. v6.0.28 (#3424)
@@ -44,7 +45,8 @@ The changelog for SRS.
 
 ## SRS 5.0 Changelog
 
-* v5.0, 2023-02-25, Merge [#3424](https://github.com/ossrs/srs/pull/3424): API: Add service_id for http_hooks, which identify the process. v5.0.142 (#3424)
+* v5.0, 2023-03-04, Merge [#3105](https://github.com/ossrs/srs/pull/3105): Kickoff publisher when stream is idle, which means no players. v5.0.144 (#3105)
+* v5.0, 2023-02-25, Merge [#3424](https://github.com/ossrs/srs/pull/3424): API: Add service_id for http_hooks, which identify the process. v5.0.143 (#3424)
 * v5.0, 2023-02-22, Compatible with legacy RTMP URL. v5.0.142
 * v5.0, 2023-02-12, Merge [#3409](https://github.com/ossrs/srs/pull/3409): SRT: Reduce latency to 200ms of srt2rtc.conf. v5.0.141 (#3409)
 * v5.0, 2023-02-08, Merge [#3391](https://github.com/ossrs/srs/pull/3391): Config: Error when both HLS and HTTP-TS enabled. v5.0.140 (#3391)
diff --git a/trunk/doc/Features.md b/trunk/doc/Features.md
index 9c6b0310c5..fb890fd0f3 100644
--- a/trunk/doc/Features.md
+++ b/trunk/doc/Features.md
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ The features of SRS.
 - [x] Live: Support origin cluster, please read [#464](https://github.com/ossrs/srs/issues/464), [RTMP 302](https://github.com/ossrs/srs/issues/92). v3.0.0+
 - [x] Live: Support NGINX HLS Cluster, see [CN](https://ossrs.net/lts/zh-cn/docs/v4/doc/sample-hls-cluster) or [EN](https://ossrs.io/lts/en-us/docs/v4/doc/sample-hls-cluster). v5.0.28+
 - [x] Live: SRT: Support PUSH SRT by IP and optional port, see [#3198](https://github.com/ossrs/srs/issues/3198). v5.0.76+
+- [x] Live: Kickoff publisher when stream is idle, which means no players. v5.0.144+
 - [x] Live: [Experimental] Support SRT server, read [#1147](https://github.com/ossrs/srs/issues/1147). v4.0.143+
 - [x] Live: [Experimental] Support Coroutine Native SRT over ST, [#3010](https://github.com/ossrs/srs/pull/3010). v5.0.30+
 - [x] Live: [Experimental] Support MPEG-DASH, Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP, read [#299](https://github.com/ossrs/srs/issues/299). v5.0.96+
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_config.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_config.cpp
index 0ee7c2f5aa..27c2000b05 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_config.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_config.cpp
@@ -2559,7 +2559,7 @@ srs_error_t SrsConfig::check_normal_config()
                 for (int j = 0; j < (int)conf->directives.size(); j++) {
                     string m = conf->at(j)->name;
                     if (m != "mr" && m != "mr_latency" && m != "firstpkt_timeout" && m != "normal_timeout"
-                        && m != "parse_sps" && m != "try_annexb_first") {
+                        && m != "parse_sps" && m != "try_annexb_first" && m != "kickoff_for_idle") {
                         return srs_error_new(ERROR_SYSTEM_CONFIG_INVALID, "illegal vhost.publish.%s of %s", m.c_str(), vhost->arg0().c_str());
                     }
                 }
@@ -2727,6 +2727,14 @@ srs_error_t SrsConfig::check_normal_config()
         }
     }
 
+    // Check forward dnd kickoff for publsher idle.
+    for (int n = 0; n < (int)vhosts.size(); n++) {
+        SrsConfDirective* vhost = vhosts[n];
+        if (get_forward_enabled(vhost) && get_publish_kickoff_for_idle(vhost)) {
+            return srs_error_new(ERROR_SYSTEM_CONFIG_INVALID, "vhost.forward conflicts with vhost.publish.kickoff_for_idle");
+        }
+    }
+
     // check ingest id unique.
     for (int i = 0; i < (int)vhosts.size(); i++) {
         SrsConfDirective* vhost = vhosts[i];
@@ -5340,6 +5348,35 @@ srs_utime_t SrsConfig::get_publish_normal_timeout(string vhost)
     return (srs_utime_t)(::atoi(conf->arg0().c_str()) * SRS_UTIME_MILLISECONDS);
 }
 
+srs_utime_t SrsConfig::get_publish_kickoff_for_idle(std::string vhost)
+{
+    return get_publish_kickoff_for_idle(get_vhost(vhost));
+}
+
+srs_utime_t SrsConfig::get_publish_kickoff_for_idle(SrsConfDirective* vhost)
+{
+    SRS_OVERWRITE_BY_ENV_FLOAT_SECONDS("srs.vhost.publish.kickoff_for_idle"); // SRS_VHOST_PUBLISH_KICKOFF_FOR_IDLE
+
+    static srs_utime_t DEFAULT = 0 * SRS_UTIME_SECONDS;
+    
+    SrsConfDirective* conf = vhost;
+    if (!conf) {
+        return DEFAULT;
+    }
+    
+    conf = conf->get("publish");
+    if (!conf) {
+        return DEFAULT;
+    }
+
+    conf = conf->get("kickoff_for_idle");
+    if (!conf || conf->arg0().empty()) {
+        return DEFAULT;
+    }
+    
+    return (srs_utime_t)(::atof(conf->arg0().c_str()) * SRS_UTIME_SECONDS);
+}
+
 int SrsConfig::get_global_chunk_size()
 {
     SRS_OVERWRITE_BY_ENV_INT("srs.vhost.chunk_size"); // SRS_VHOST_CHUNK_SIZE
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_config.hpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_config.hpp
index 4cbd4b9101..f0028b357b 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_config.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_config.hpp
@@ -636,6 +636,9 @@ class SrsConfig
     virtual srs_utime_t get_publish_1stpkt_timeout(std::string vhost);
     // The normal packet timeout in srs_utime_t for encoder.
     virtual srs_utime_t get_publish_normal_timeout(std::string vhost);
+    // The kickoff timeout in srs_utime_t for publisher.
+    virtual srs_utime_t get_publish_kickoff_for_idle(std::string vhost);
+    virtual srs_utime_t get_publish_kickoff_for_idle(SrsConfDirective* vhost);
 private:
     // Get the global chunk size.
     virtual int get_global_chunk_size();
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_gb28181.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_gb28181.cpp
index e652932592..71180f661d 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_gb28181.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_gb28181.cpp
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ srs_error_t SrsLazyGbSession::cycle()
 
     // It maybe success with message.
     if (srs_error_code(err) == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
-        srs_trace("client finished%s.", srs_error_summary(err).c_str());
+        srs_trace("client finished %s.", srs_error_summary(err).c_str());
         srs_freep(err);
         return err;
     }
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_rtmp_conn.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_rtmp_conn.cpp
index 32b2bd5b48..6411548a7f 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_rtmp_conn.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_rtmp_conn.cpp
@@ -985,6 +985,7 @@ srs_error_t SrsRtmpConn::do_publishing(SrsLiveSource* source, SrsPublishRecvThre
     // initialize the publish timeout.
     publish_1stpkt_timeout = _srs_config->get_publish_1stpkt_timeout(req->vhost);
     publish_normal_timeout = _srs_config->get_publish_normal_timeout(req->vhost);
+    srs_utime_t publish_kickoff_for_idle = _srs_config->get_publish_kickoff_for_idle(req->vhost);
     
     // set the sock options.
     set_sock_options();
@@ -1008,6 +1009,11 @@ srs_error_t SrsRtmpConn::do_publishing(SrsLiveSource* source, SrsPublishRecvThre
             return srs_error_wrap(err, "rtmp: thread quit");
         }
 
+        // Kick off the publisher when idle for a period of timeout.
+        if (source->publisher_is_idle_for(publish_kickoff_for_idle)) {
+            return srs_error_new(ERROR_KICKOFF_FOR_IDLE, "kicked for idle, url=%s, timeout=%ds", req->tcUrl.c_str(), srsu2si(publish_kickoff_for_idle));
+        }
+
         pprint->elapse();
 
         // cond wait for timeout.
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_source.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_source.cpp
index 705d328fbe..302ef907e0 100755
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_source.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_source.cpp
@@ -1877,7 +1877,7 @@ srs_error_t SrsLiveSourceManager::notify(int event, srs_utime_t interval, srs_ut
         // @see https://github.com/ossrs/srs/issues/714
 #if 0
         // When source expired, remove it.
-        if (source->expired()) {
+        if (source->stream_is_dead()) {
             int cid = source->source_id();
             if (cid == -1 && source->pre_source_id() > 0) {
                 cid = source->pre_source_id();
@@ -1926,7 +1926,8 @@ SrsLiveSource::SrsLiveSource()
     mix_queue = new SrsMixQueue();
     
     _can_publish = true;
-    die_at = 0;
+    stream_die_at_ = 0;
+    publisher_idle_at_ = 0;
 
     handler = NULL;
     bridge_ = NULL;
@@ -1983,10 +1984,10 @@ srs_error_t SrsLiveSource::cycle()
     return srs_success;
 }
 
-bool SrsLiveSource::expired()
+bool SrsLiveSource::stream_is_dead()
 {
     // unknown state?
-    if (die_at == 0) {
+    if (stream_die_at_ == 0) {
         return false;
     }
     
@@ -2001,13 +2002,26 @@ bool SrsLiveSource::expired()
     }
     
     srs_utime_t now = srs_get_system_time();
-    if (now > die_at + SRS_SOURCE_CLEANUP) {
+    if (now > stream_die_at_ + SRS_SOURCE_CLEANUP) {
         return true;
     }
     
     return false;
 }
 
+bool SrsLiveSource::publisher_is_idle_for(srs_utime_t timeout)
+{
+    if (!publisher_idle_at_ || !timeout) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    srs_utime_t now = srs_get_system_time();
+    if (now > publisher_idle_at_ + timeout) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
 srs_error_t SrsLiveSource::initialize(SrsRequest* r, ISrsLiveSourceHandler* h)
 {
     srs_error_t err = srs_success;
@@ -2634,6 +2648,11 @@ srs_error_t SrsLiveSource::on_publish()
 
     SrsStatistic* stat = SrsStatistic::instance();
     stat->on_stream_publish(req, _source_id.c_str());
+
+    // When no players, the publisher is idle now.
+    if (consumers.empty()) {
+        publisher_idle_at_ = srs_get_system_time();
+    }
     
     return err;
 }
@@ -2680,7 +2699,7 @@ void SrsLiveSource::on_unpublish()
 
     // no consumer, stream is die.
     if (consumers.empty()) {
-        die_at = srs_get_system_time();
+        stream_die_at_ = srs_get_system_time();
     }
 }
 
@@ -2690,7 +2709,11 @@ srs_error_t SrsLiveSource::create_consumer(SrsLiveConsumer*& consumer)
     
     consumer = new SrsLiveConsumer(this);
     consumers.push_back(consumer);
-    
+
+    // There should be one consumer, so reset the timeout.
+    stream_die_at_ = 0;
+    publisher_idle_at_ = 0;
+
     // for edge, when play edge stream, check the state
     if (_srs_config->get_vhost_is_edge(req->vhost)) {
         // notice edge to start for the first client.
@@ -2752,10 +2775,18 @@ void SrsLiveSource::on_consumer_destroy(SrsLiveConsumer* consumer)
     if (it != consumers.end()) {
         it = consumers.erase(it);
     }
-    
+
     if (consumers.empty()) {
         play_edge->on_all_client_stop();
-        die_at = srs_get_system_time();
+
+        // For edge server, the stream die when the last player quit, because the edge stream is created by player
+        // activities, so it should die when all players quit.
+        if (_srs_config->get_vhost_is_edge(req->vhost)) {
+            stream_die_at_ = srs_get_system_time();
+        }
+
+        // When no players, the publisher is idle now.
+        publisher_idle_at_ = srs_get_system_time();
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_source.hpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_source.hpp
index b8025a7bbe..ae4d6da83d 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_source.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_source.hpp
@@ -533,17 +533,20 @@ class SrsLiveSource : public ISrsReloadHandler
 private:
     // Whether source is avaiable for publishing.
     bool _can_publish;
-    // The last die time, when all consumers quit and no publisher,
-    // We will remove the source when source die.
-    srs_utime_t die_at;
+    // The last die time, while die means neither publishers nor players.
+    srs_utime_t stream_die_at_;
+    // The last idle time, while idle means no players.
+    srs_utime_t publisher_idle_at_;
 public:
     SrsLiveSource();
     virtual ~SrsLiveSource();
 public:
     virtual void dispose();
     virtual srs_error_t cycle();
-    // Remove source when expired.
-    virtual bool expired();
+    // Whether stream is dead, which is no publisher or player.
+    virtual bool stream_is_dead();
+    // Whether publisher is idle for a period of timeout.
+    bool publisher_is_idle_for(srs_utime_t timeout);
 public:
     // Initialize the hls with handlers.
     virtual srs_error_t initialize(SrsRequest* r, ISrsLiveSourceHandler* h);
diff --git a/trunk/src/core/srs_core_version5.hpp b/trunk/src/core/srs_core_version5.hpp
index 9814f77e11..46ff71091e 100644
--- a/trunk/src/core/srs_core_version5.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/core/srs_core_version5.hpp
@@ -9,6 +9,6 @@
 
 #define VERSION_MAJOR       5
 #define VERSION_MINOR       0
-#define VERSION_REVISION    143
+#define VERSION_REVISION    144
 
 #endif
diff --git a/trunk/src/core/srs_core_version6.hpp b/trunk/src/core/srs_core_version6.hpp
index cb9ab95591..8439f0c027 100644
--- a/trunk/src/core/srs_core_version6.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/core/srs_core_version6.hpp
@@ -9,6 +9,6 @@
 
 #define VERSION_MAJOR       6
 #define VERSION_MINOR       0
-#define VERSION_REVISION    30
+#define VERSION_REVISION    31
 
 #endif
diff --git a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_error.hpp b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_error.hpp
index f095d9533a..d338dfbbe9 100644
--- a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_error.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_error.hpp
@@ -167,6 +167,7 @@
     XX(ERROR_RTMP_MESSAGE_CREATE           , 2053, "MessageCreate", "Failed to create shared pointer message") \
     XX(ERROR_RTMP_PROXY_EXCEED             , 2054, "RtmpProxy", "Failed to decode message of RTMP proxy") \
     XX(ERROR_RTMP_CREATE_STREAM_DEPTH      , 2055, "RtmpIdentify", "Failed to identify RTMP client") \
+    XX(ERROR_KICKOFF_FOR_IDLE              , 2056, "KickoffForIdle", "Kickoff for publisher is idle") \
     XX(ERROR_CONTROL_REDIRECT              , 2997, "RtmpRedirect", "RTMP 302 redirection") \
     XX(ERROR_CONTROL_RTMP_CLOSE            , 2998, "RtmpClose", "RTMP connection is closed") \
     XX(ERROR_CONTROL_REPUBLISH             , 2999, "RtmpRepublish", "RTMP stream is republished")
diff --git a/trunk/src/utest/srs_utest_config.cpp b/trunk/src/utest/srs_utest_config.cpp
index 9ea532676c..925c010d90 100644
--- a/trunk/src/utest/srs_utest_config.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/utest/srs_utest_config.cpp
@@ -4461,6 +4461,9 @@ VOID TEST(ConfigEnvTest, CheckEnvValuesVhostPublish)
 
         SrsSetEnvConfig(try_annexb_first, "SRS_VHOST_PUBLISH_TRY_ANNEXB_FIRST", "off");
         EXPECT_FALSE(conf.try_annexb_first("__defaultVhost__"));
+
+        SrsSetEnvConfig(kickoff_for_idle, "SRS_VHOST_PUBLISH_KICKOFF_FOR_IDLE", "30");
+        EXPECT_EQ(30 * SRS_UTIME_SECONDS, conf.get_publish_kickoff_for_idle("__defaultVhost__"));
     }
 }