diff --git a/lib/internal/test_runner/test.js b/lib/internal/test_runner/test.js
index 7adf9c9db266e0..635520783dad9a 100644
--- a/lib/internal/test_runner/test.js
+++ b/lib/internal/test_runner/test.js
@@ -76,8 +76,17 @@ const kHookNames = ObjectSeal(['before', 'after', 'beforeEach', 'afterEach']);
 const kUnwrapErrors = new SafeSet()
   .add(kTestCodeFailure).add(kHookFailure)
   .add('uncaughtException').add('unhandledRejection');
-const { testNamePatterns, testOnlyFlag } = parseCommandLine();
+const { sourceMaps, testNamePatterns, testOnlyFlag } = parseCommandLine();
 let kResistStopPropagation;
+let findSourceMap;
+
+function lazyFindSourceMap(file) {
+  if (findSourceMap === undefined) {
+    ({ findSourceMap } = require('internal/source_map/source_map_cache'));
+  }
+
+  return findSourceMap(file);
+}
 
 function stopTest(timeout, signal) {
   const deferred = createDeferredPromise();
@@ -363,6 +372,17 @@ class Test extends AsyncResource {
         column: loc[1],
         file: loc[2],
       };
+
+      if (sourceMaps === true) {
+        const map = lazyFindSourceMap(this.loc.file);
+        const entry = map?.findEntry(this.loc.line - 1, this.loc.column - 1);
+
+        if (entry !== undefined) {
+          this.loc.line = entry.originalLine + 1;
+          this.loc.column = entry.originalColumn + 1;
+          this.loc.file = entry.originalSource;
+        }
+      }
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/lib/internal/test_runner/utils.js b/lib/internal/test_runner/utils.js
index 0a3fd9cad83edd..fda9f4334aa64e 100644
--- a/lib/internal/test_runner/utils.js
+++ b/lib/internal/test_runner/utils.js
@@ -193,6 +193,7 @@ function parseCommandLine() {
 
   const isTestRunner = getOptionValue('--test');
   const coverage = getOptionValue('--experimental-test-coverage');
+  const sourceMaps = getOptionValue('--enable-source-maps');
   const isChildProcess = process.env.NODE_TEST_CONTEXT === 'child';
   const isChildProcessV8 = process.env.NODE_TEST_CONTEXT === 'child-v8';
   let destinations;
@@ -244,6 +245,7 @@ function parseCommandLine() {
     __proto__: null,
     isTestRunner,
     coverage,
+    sourceMaps,
     testOnlyFlag,
     testNamePatterns,
     reporters,
diff --git a/test/fixtures/test-runner/output/source_mapped_locations.mjs b/test/fixtures/test-runner/output/source_mapped_locations.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..82e33499284171
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/test-runner/output/source_mapped_locations.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// Flags: --enable-source-maps
+import { test } from 'node:test';
+import { strictEqual } from 'node:assert';
+test('fails', () => {
+    strictEqual(1, 2);
+});
+//# sourceMappingURL=source_mapped_locations.mjs.map
diff --git a/test/fixtures/test-runner/output/source_mapped_locations.mjs.map b/test/fixtures/test-runner/output/source_mapped_locations.mjs.map
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..991dd95820c4ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/test-runner/output/source_mapped_locations.mjs.map
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"version":3,"file":"source_mapped_locations.mjs","sourceRoot":"","sources":["source_mapped_locations.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAAA,8BAA8B;AAC9B,OAAO,EAAE,IAAI,EAAE,MAAM,WAAW,CAAC;AACjC,OAAO,EAAE,WAAW,EAAE,MAAM,aAAa,CAAC;AAE1C,IAAI,CAAC,OAAO,EAAE,GAAG,EAAE;IACjB,WAAW,CAAC,CAAC,EAAE,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC;AACpB,CAAC,CAAC,CAAC"}
diff --git a/test/fixtures/test-runner/output/source_mapped_locations.snapshot b/test/fixtures/test-runner/output/source_mapped_locations.snapshot
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..c7baee728d0218
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/test-runner/output/source_mapped_locations.snapshot
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+TAP version 13
+# Subtest: fails
+not ok 1 - fails
+  ---
+  duration_ms: *
+  location: 'file:///test/fixtures/test-runner/output/source_mapped_locations.ts:5:1'
+  failureType: 'testCodeFailure'
+  error: |-
+    Expected values to be strictly equal:
+    
+    1 !== 2
+    
+  code: 'ERR_ASSERTION'
+  name: 'AssertionError'
+  expected: 2
+  actual: 1
+  operator: 'strictEqual'
+  stack: |-
+    *
+    *
+    *
+    *
+    *
+  ...
+1..1
+# tests 1
+# suites 0
+# pass 0
+# fail 1
+# cancelled 0
+# skipped 0
+# todo 0
+# duration_ms *
diff --git a/test/fixtures/test-runner/output/source_mapped_locations.ts b/test/fixtures/test-runner/output/source_mapped_locations.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..d237df16396bf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/test-runner/output/source_mapped_locations.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// Flags: --enable-source-maps
+import { test } from 'node:test';
+import { strictEqual } from 'node:assert';
+
+test('fails', () => {
+  strictEqual(1, 2);
+});
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-runner-output.mjs b/test/parallel/test-runner-output.mjs
index c81a0f1160e7eb..61541e307b7114 100644
--- a/test/parallel/test-runner-output.mjs
+++ b/test/parallel/test-runner-output.mjs
@@ -107,6 +107,7 @@ const tests = [
   { name: 'test-runner/output/spec_reporter_successful.js', transform: specTransform },
   { name: 'test-runner/output/spec_reporter.js', transform: specTransform },
   { name: 'test-runner/output/spec_reporter_cli.js', transform: specTransform },
+  { name: 'test-runner/output/source_mapped_locations.mjs' },
   process.features.inspector ? { name: 'test-runner/output/lcov_reporter.js', transform: lcovTransform } : false,
   { name: 'test-runner/output/output.js' },
   { name: 'test-runner/output/output_cli.js' },