lib.rs

// Copyright 2017 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
// to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
// the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
// and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
// Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
// FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

//! Implementation of the libp2p [`libp2p_core::Transport`] trait for TCP/IP.
//!
//! # Usage
//!
//! This crate provides a [`async_io::Transport`] and [`tokio::Transport`], depending on
//! the enabled features, which implement the [`libp2p_core::Transport`] trait for use as a
//! transport with `libp2p-core` or `libp2p-swarm`.

#![cfg_attr(docsrs, feature(doc_cfg, doc_auto_cfg))]

mod provider;

#[cfg(feature = "async-io")]
pub use provider::async_io;

#[cfg(feature = "tokio")]
pub use provider::tokio;

use futures::{future::Ready, prelude::*, stream::SelectAll};
use futures_timer::Delay;
use if_watch::IfEvent;
use libp2p_core::{
    multiaddr::{Multiaddr, Protocol},
    transport::{DialOpts, ListenerId, PortUse, TransportError, TransportEvent},
};
use provider::{Incoming, Provider};
use socket2::{Domain, Socket, Type};
use std::{
    collections::{HashSet, VecDeque},
    io,
    net::{IpAddr, Ipv4Addr, Ipv6Addr, SocketAddr, TcpListener},
    pin::Pin,
    sync::{Arc, RwLock},
    task::{Context, Poll, Waker},
    time::Duration,
};

/// The configuration for a TCP/IP transport capability for libp2p.
#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
pub struct Config {
    /// TTL to set for opened sockets, or `None` to keep default.
    ttl: Option<u32>,
    /// `TCP_NODELAY` to set for opened sockets, or `None` to keep default.
    nodelay: Option<bool>,
    /// Size of the listen backlog for listen sockets.
    backlog: u32,
}

type Port = u16;

/// The configuration for port reuse of listening sockets.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
struct PortReuse {
    /// The addresses and ports of the listening sockets
    /// registered as eligible for port reuse when dialing
    listen_addrs: Arc<RwLock<HashSet<(IpAddr, Port)>>>,
}

impl PortReuse {
    /// Registers a socket address for port reuse.
    ///
    /// Has no effect if port reuse is disabled.
    fn register(&mut self, ip: IpAddr, port: Port) {
        tracing::trace!(%ip, %port, "Registering for port reuse");
        self.listen_addrs
            .write()
            .expect("`register()` and `unregister()` never panic while holding the lock")
            .insert((ip, port));
    }

    /// Unregisters a socket address for port reuse.
    ///
    /// Has no effect if port reuse is disabled.
    fn unregister(&mut self, ip: IpAddr, port: Port) {
        tracing::trace!(%ip, %port, "Unregistering for port reuse");
        self.listen_addrs
            .write()
            .expect("`register()` and `unregister()` never panic while holding the lock")
            .remove(&(ip, port));
    }

    /// Selects a listening socket address suitable for use
    /// as the local socket address when dialing.
    ///
    /// If multiple listening sockets are registered for port
    /// reuse, one is chosen whose IP protocol version and
    /// loopback status is the same as that of `remote_ip`.
    ///
    /// Returns `None` if port reuse is disabled or no suitable
    /// listening socket address is found.
    fn local_dial_addr(&self, remote_ip: &IpAddr) -> Option<SocketAddr> {
        for (ip, port) in self
            .listen_addrs
            .read()
            .expect("`local_dial_addr` never panic while holding the lock")
            .iter()
        {
            if ip.is_ipv4() == remote_ip.is_ipv4() && ip.is_loopback() == remote_ip.is_loopback() {
                if remote_ip.is_ipv4() {
                    return Some(SocketAddr::new(IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::UNSPECIFIED), *port));
                } else {
                    return Some(SocketAddr::new(IpAddr::V6(Ipv6Addr::UNSPECIFIED), *port));
                }
            }
        }

        None
    }
}

impl Config {
    /// Creates a new configuration for a TCP/IP transport:
    ///
    ///   * Nagle's algorithm, i.e. `TCP_NODELAY`, is _enabled_.
    ///     See [`Config::nodelay`].
    ///   * Reuse of listening ports is _disabled_.
    ///     See [`Config::port_reuse`].
    ///   * No custom `IP_TTL` is set. The default of the OS TCP stack applies.
    ///     See [`Config::ttl`].
    ///   * The size of the listen backlog for new listening sockets is `1024`.
    ///     See [`Config::listen_backlog`].
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        Self {
            ttl: None,
            nodelay: Some(false), // Disable Nagle's algorithm by default
            backlog: 1024,
        }
    }

    /// Configures the `IP_TTL` option for new sockets.
    pub fn ttl(mut self, value: u32) -> Self {
        self.ttl = Some(value);
        self
    }

    /// Configures the `TCP_NODELAY` option for new sockets.
    pub fn nodelay(mut self, value: bool) -> Self {
        self.nodelay = Some(value);
        self
    }

    /// Configures the listen backlog for new listen sockets.
    pub fn listen_backlog(mut self, backlog: u32) -> Self {
        self.backlog = backlog;
        self
    }

    /// Configures port reuse for local sockets, which implies
    /// reuse of listening ports for outgoing connections to
    /// enhance NAT traversal capabilities.
    ///
    /// # Deprecation Notice
    ///
    /// The new implementation works on a per-connaction basis, defined by the behaviour. This
    /// removes the necessaity to configure the transport for port reuse, instead the behaviour
    /// requiring this behaviour can decide whether to use port reuse or not.
    ///
    /// The API to configure port reuse is part of [`Transport`] and the option can be found in
    /// [`libp2p_core::transport::DialOpts`].
    ///
    /// If [`PortUse::Reuse`] is enabled, the transport will try to reuse the local port of the
    /// listener. If that's not possible, i.e. there is no listener or the transport doesn't allow
    /// a direct control over ports, a new port (or the default behaviour) is used. If port reuse
    /// is enabled for a connection, this option will be treated on a best-effor basis.
    #[deprecated(
        since = "0.42.0",
        note = "This option does nothing now, since the port reuse policy is now decided on a per-connection basis by the behaviour. The function will be removed in a future release."
    )]
    pub fn port_reuse(self, _port_reuse: bool) -> Self {
        self
    }

    fn create_socket(&self, socket_addr: SocketAddr, port_use: PortUse) -> io::Result<Socket> {
        let socket = Socket::new(
            Domain::for_address(socket_addr),
            Type::STREAM,
            Some(socket2::Protocol::TCP),
        )?;
        if socket_addr.is_ipv6() {
            socket.set_only_v6(true)?;
        }
        if let Some(ttl) = self.ttl {
            socket.set_ttl(ttl)?;
        }
        if let Some(nodelay) = self.nodelay {
            socket.set_nodelay(nodelay)?;
        }
        socket.set_reuse_address(true)?;
        #[cfg(all(unix, not(any(target_os = "solaris", target_os = "illumos"))))]
        if port_use == PortUse::Reuse {
            socket.set_reuse_port(true)?;
        }

        #[cfg(not(all(unix, not(any(target_os = "solaris", target_os = "illumos")))))]
        let _ = port_use; // silence the unused warning on non-unix platforms (i.e. Windows)

        socket.set_nonblocking(true)?;

        Ok(socket)
    }
}

impl Default for Config {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self::new()
    }
}

/// An abstract [`libp2p_core::Transport`] implementation.
///
/// You shouldn't need to use this type directly. Use one of the following instead:
///
/// - [`tokio::Transport`]
/// - [`async_io::Transport`]
pub struct Transport<T>
where
    T: Provider + Send,
{
    config: Config,

    /// The configuration of port reuse when dialing.
    port_reuse: PortReuse,
    /// All the active listeners.
    /// The [`ListenStream`] struct contains a stream that we want to be pinned. Since the `VecDeque`
    /// can be resized, the only way is to use a `Pin<Box<>>`.
    listeners: SelectAll<ListenStream<T>>,
    /// Pending transport events to return from [`libp2p_core::Transport::poll`].
    pending_events:
        VecDeque<TransportEvent<<Self as libp2p_core::Transport>::ListenerUpgrade, io::Error>>,
}

impl<T> Transport<T>
where
    T: Provider + Send,
{
    /// Create a new instance of [`Transport`].
    ///
    /// If you don't want to specify a [`Config`], use [`Transport::default`].
    ///
    /// It is best to call this function through one of the type-aliases of this type:
    ///
    /// - [`tokio::Transport::new`]
    /// - [`async_io::Transport::new`]
    pub fn new(config: Config) -> Self {
        Transport {
            config,
            ..Default::default()
        }
    }

    fn do_listen(
        &mut self,
        id: ListenerId,
        socket_addr: SocketAddr,
    ) -> io::Result<ListenStream<T>> {
        let socket = self.config.create_socket(socket_addr, PortUse::Reuse)?;
        socket.bind(&socket_addr.into())?;
        socket.listen(self.config.backlog as _)?;
        socket.set_nonblocking(true)?;
        let listener: TcpListener = socket.into();
        let local_addr = listener.local_addr()?;

        if local_addr.ip().is_unspecified() {
            return ListenStream::<T>::new(
                id,
                listener,
                Some(T::new_if_watcher()?),
                self.port_reuse.clone(),
            );
        }

        self.port_reuse.register(local_addr.ip(), local_addr.port());
        let listen_addr = ip_to_multiaddr(local_addr.ip(), local_addr.port());
        self.pending_events.push_back(TransportEvent::NewAddress {
            listener_id: id,
            listen_addr,
        });
        ListenStream::<T>::new(id, listener, None, self.port_reuse.clone())
    }
}

impl<T> Default for Transport<T>
where
    T: Provider + Send,
{
    /// Creates a [`Transport`] with reasonable defaults.
    ///
    /// This transport will have port-reuse disabled.
    fn default() -> Self {
        Transport {
            port_reuse: PortReuse::default(),
            config: Config::default(),
            listeners: SelectAll::new(),
            pending_events: VecDeque::new(),
        }
    }
}

impl<T> libp2p_core::Transport for Transport<T>
where
    T: Provider + Send + 'static,
    T::Listener: Unpin,
    T::Stream: Unpin,
{
    type Output = T::Stream;
    type Error = io::Error;
    type Dial = Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = Result<Self::Output, Self::Error>> + Send>>;
    type ListenerUpgrade = Ready<Result<Self::Output, Self::Error>>;

    fn listen_on(
        &mut self,
        id: ListenerId,
        addr: Multiaddr,
    ) -> Result<(), TransportError<Self::Error>> {
        let socket_addr = multiaddr_to_socketaddr(addr.clone())
            .map_err(|_| TransportError::MultiaddrNotSupported(addr))?;
        tracing::debug!("listening on {}", socket_addr);
        let listener = self
            .do_listen(id, socket_addr)
            .map_err(TransportError::Other)?;
        self.listeners.push(listener);
        Ok(())
    }

    fn remove_listener(&mut self, id: ListenerId) -> bool {
        if let Some(listener) = self.listeners.iter_mut().find(|l| l.listener_id == id) {
            listener.close(Ok(()));
            true
        } else {
            false
        }
    }

    fn dial(
        &mut self,
        addr: Multiaddr,
        opts: DialOpts,
    ) -> Result<Self::Dial, TransportError<Self::Error>> {
        let socket_addr = if let Ok(socket_addr) = multiaddr_to_socketaddr(addr.clone()) {
            if socket_addr.port() == 0 || socket_addr.ip().is_unspecified() {
                return Err(TransportError::MultiaddrNotSupported(addr));
            }
            socket_addr
        } else {
            return Err(TransportError::MultiaddrNotSupported(addr));
        };
        tracing::debug!(address=%socket_addr, "dialing address");

        let socket = self
            .config
            .create_socket(socket_addr, opts.port_use)
            .map_err(TransportError::Other)?;

        let bind_addr = match self.port_reuse.local_dial_addr(&socket_addr.ip()) {
            Some(socket_addr) if opts.port_use == PortUse::Reuse => {
                tracing::trace!(address=%addr, "Binding dial socket to listen socket address");
                Some(socket_addr)
            }
            _ => None,
        };

        let local_config = self.config.clone();

        Ok(async move {
            if let Some(bind_addr) = bind_addr {
                socket.bind(&bind_addr.into())?;
            }

            // [`Transport::dial`] should do no work unless the returned [`Future`] is polled. Thus
            // do the `connect` call within the [`Future`].
            let socket = match (socket.connect(&socket_addr.into()), bind_addr) {
                (Ok(()), _) => socket,
                (Err(err), _) if err.raw_os_error() == Some(libc::EINPROGRESS) => socket,
                (Err(err), _) if err.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock => socket,
                (Err(err), Some(bind_addr)) if err.kind() == io::ErrorKind::AddrNotAvailable  => {
                    // The socket was bound to a local address that is no longer available.
                    // Retry without binding.
                    tracing::debug!(connect_addr = %socket_addr, ?bind_addr, "Failed to connect using existing socket because we already have a connection, re-dialing with new port");
                    std::mem::drop(socket);
                    let socket = local_config.create_socket(socket_addr, PortUse::New)?;
                    match socket.connect(&socket_addr.into()) {
                        Ok(()) => socket,
                        Err(err) if err.raw_os_error() == Some(libc::EINPROGRESS) => socket,
                        Err(err) if err.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock => socket,
                        Err(err) => return Err(err),
                    }
                }
                (Err(err), _) => return Err(err),
            };

            let stream = T::new_stream(socket.into()).await?;
            Ok(stream)
        }
        .boxed())
    }

    /// Poll all listeners.
    #[tracing::instrument(level = "trace", name = "Transport::poll", skip(self, cx))]
    fn poll(
        mut self: Pin<&mut Self>,
        cx: &mut Context<'_>,
    ) -> Poll<TransportEvent<Self::ListenerUpgrade, Self::Error>> {
        // Return pending events from closed listeners.
        if let Some(event) = self.pending_events.pop_front() {
            return Poll::Ready(event);
        }

        match self.listeners.poll_next_unpin(cx) {
            Poll::Ready(Some(transport_event)) => Poll::Ready(transport_event),
            _ => Poll::Pending,
        }
    }
}

/// A stream of incoming connections on one or more interfaces.
struct ListenStream<T>
where
    T: Provider,
{
    /// The ID of this listener.
    listener_id: ListenerId,
    /// The socket address that the listening socket is bound to,
    /// which may be a "wildcard address" like `INADDR_ANY` or `IN6ADDR_ANY`
    /// when listening on all interfaces for IPv4 respectively IPv6 connections.
    listen_addr: SocketAddr,
    /// The async listening socket for incoming connections.
    listener: T::Listener,
    /// Watcher for network interface changes.
    /// Reports [`IfEvent`]s for new / deleted ip-addresses when interfaces
    /// become or stop being available.
    ///
    /// `None` if the socket is only listening on a single interface.
    if_watcher: Option<T::IfWatcher>,
    /// The port reuse configuration for outgoing connections.
    ///
    /// If enabled, all IP addresses on which this listening stream
    /// is accepting connections (`in_addr`) are registered for reuse
    /// as local addresses for the sockets of outgoing connections. They are
    /// unregistered when the stream encounters an error or is dropped.
    port_reuse: PortReuse,
    /// How long to sleep after a (non-fatal) error while trying
    /// to accept a new connection.
    sleep_on_error: Duration,
    /// The current pause, if any.
    pause: Option<Delay>,
    /// Pending event to reported.
    pending_event: Option<<Self as Stream>::Item>,
    /// The listener can be manually closed with [`Transport::remove_listener`](libp2p_core::Transport::remove_listener).
    is_closed: bool,
    /// The stream must be awaken after it has been closed to deliver the last event.
    close_listener_waker: Option<Waker>,
}

impl<T> ListenStream<T>
where
    T: Provider,
{
    /// Constructs a [`ListenStream`] for incoming connections around
    /// the given [`TcpListener`].
    fn new(
        listener_id: ListenerId,
        listener: TcpListener,
        if_watcher: Option<T::IfWatcher>,
        port_reuse: PortReuse,
    ) -> io::Result<Self> {
        let listen_addr = listener.local_addr()?;
        let listener = T::new_listener(listener)?;

        Ok(ListenStream {
            port_reuse,
            listener,
            listener_id,
            listen_addr,
            if_watcher,
            pause: None,
            sleep_on_error: Duration::from_millis(100),
            pending_event: None,
            is_closed: false,
            close_listener_waker: None,
        })
    }

    /// Disables port reuse for any listen address of this stream.
    ///
    /// This is done when the [`ListenStream`] encounters a fatal
    /// error (for the stream) or is dropped.
    ///
    /// Has no effect if port reuse is disabled.
    fn disable_port_reuse(&mut self) {
        match &self.if_watcher {
            Some(if_watcher) => {
                for ip_net in T::addrs(if_watcher) {
                    self.port_reuse
                        .unregister(ip_net.addr(), self.listen_addr.port());
                }
            }
            None => self
                .port_reuse
                .unregister(self.listen_addr.ip(), self.listen_addr.port()),
        }
    }

    /// Close the listener.
    ///
    /// This will create a [`TransportEvent::ListenerClosed`] and
    /// terminate the stream once the event has been reported.
    fn close(&mut self, reason: Result<(), io::Error>) {
        if self.is_closed {
            return;
        }
        self.pending_event = Some(TransportEvent::ListenerClosed {
            listener_id: self.listener_id,
            reason,
        });
        self.is_closed = true;

        // Wake the stream to deliver the last event.
        if let Some(waker) = self.close_listener_waker.take() {
            waker.wake();
        }
    }

    /// Poll for a next If Event.
    fn poll_if_addr(&mut self, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<<Self as Stream>::Item> {
        let Some(if_watcher) = self.if_watcher.as_mut() else {
            return Poll::Pending;
        };

        let my_listen_addr_port = self.listen_addr.port();

        while let Poll::Ready(Some(event)) = if_watcher.poll_next_unpin(cx) {
            match event {
                Ok(IfEvent::Up(inet)) => {
                    let ip = inet.addr();
                    if self.listen_addr.is_ipv4() == ip.is_ipv4() {
                        let ma = ip_to_multiaddr(ip, my_listen_addr_port);
                        tracing::debug!(address=%ma, "New listen address");
                        self.port_reuse.register(ip, my_listen_addr_port);
                        return Poll::Ready(TransportEvent::NewAddress {
                            listener_id: self.listener_id,
                            listen_addr: ma,
                        });
                    }
                }
                Ok(IfEvent::Down(inet)) => {
                    let ip = inet.addr();
                    if self.listen_addr.is_ipv4() == ip.is_ipv4() {
                        let ma = ip_to_multiaddr(ip, my_listen_addr_port);
                        tracing::debug!(address=%ma, "Expired listen address");
                        self.port_reuse.unregister(ip, my_listen_addr_port);
                        return Poll::Ready(TransportEvent::AddressExpired {
                            listener_id: self.listener_id,
                            listen_addr: ma,
                        });
                    }
                }
                Err(error) => {
                    self.pause = Some(Delay::new(self.sleep_on_error));
                    return Poll::Ready(TransportEvent::ListenerError {
                        listener_id: self.listener_id,
                        error,
                    });
                }
            }
        }

        Poll::Pending
    }
}

impl<T> Drop for ListenStream<T>
where
    T: Provider,
{
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.disable_port_reuse();
    }
}

impl<T> Stream for ListenStream<T>
where
    T: Provider,
    T::Listener: Unpin,
    T::Stream: Unpin,
{
    type Item = TransportEvent<Ready<Result<T::Stream, io::Error>>, io::Error>;

    fn poll_next(mut self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context) -> Poll<Option<Self::Item>> {
        if let Some(mut pause) = self.pause.take() {
            match pause.poll_unpin(cx) {
                Poll::Ready(_) => {}
                Poll::Pending => {
                    self.pause = Some(pause);
                    return Poll::Pending;
                }
            }
        }

        if let Some(event) = self.pending_event.take() {
            return Poll::Ready(Some(event));
        }

        if self.is_closed {
            // Terminate the stream if the listener closed and all remaining events have been reported.
            return Poll::Ready(None);
        }

        if let Poll::Ready(event) = self.poll_if_addr(cx) {
            return Poll::Ready(Some(event));
        }

        // Take the pending connection from the backlog.
        match T::poll_accept(&mut self.listener, cx) {
            Poll::Ready(Ok(Incoming {
                local_addr,
                remote_addr,
                stream,
            })) => {
                let local_addr = ip_to_multiaddr(local_addr.ip(), local_addr.port());
                let remote_addr = ip_to_multiaddr(remote_addr.ip(), remote_addr.port());

                tracing::debug!(
                    remote_address=%remote_addr,
                    local_address=%local_addr,
                    "Incoming connection from remote at local"
                );

                return Poll::Ready(Some(TransportEvent::Incoming {
                    listener_id: self.listener_id,
                    upgrade: future::ok(stream),
                    local_addr,
                    send_back_addr: remote_addr,
                }));
            }
            Poll::Ready(Err(error)) => {
                // These errors are non-fatal for the listener stream.
                self.pause = Some(Delay::new(self.sleep_on_error));
                return Poll::Ready(Some(TransportEvent::ListenerError {
                    listener_id: self.listener_id,
                    error,
                }));
            }
            Poll::Pending => {}
        }

        self.close_listener_waker = Some(cx.waker().clone());
        Poll::Pending
    }
}

/// Extracts a `SocketAddr` from a given `Multiaddr`.
///
/// Fails if the given `Multiaddr` does not begin with an IP
/// protocol encapsulating a TCP port.
fn multiaddr_to_socketaddr(mut addr: Multiaddr) -> Result<SocketAddr, ()> {
    // "Pop" the IP address and TCP port from the end of the address,
    // ignoring a `/p2p/...` suffix as well as any prefix of possibly
    // outer protocols, if present.
    let mut port = None;
    while let Some(proto) = addr.pop() {
        match proto {
            Protocol::Ip4(ipv4) => match port {
                Some(port) => return Ok(SocketAddr::new(ipv4.into(), port)),
                None => return Err(()),
            },
            Protocol::Ip6(ipv6) => match port {
                Some(port) => return Ok(SocketAddr::new(ipv6.into(), port)),
                None => return Err(()),
            },
            Protocol::Tcp(portnum) => match port {
                Some(_) => return Err(()),
                None => port = Some(portnum),
            },
            Protocol::P2p(_) => {}
            _ => return Err(()),
        }
    }
    Err(())
}

// Create a [`Multiaddr`] from the given IP address and port number.
fn ip_to_multiaddr(ip: IpAddr, port: u16) -> Multiaddr {
    Multiaddr::empty().with(ip.into()).with(Protocol::Tcp(port))
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use futures::{
        channel::{mpsc, oneshot},
        future::poll_fn,
    };
    use libp2p_core::Endpoint;
    use libp2p_core::Transport as _;

    #[test]
    fn multiaddr_to_tcp_conversion() {
        use std::net::{IpAddr, Ipv4Addr, Ipv6Addr};

        assert!(
            multiaddr_to_socketaddr("/ip4/127.0.0.1/udp/1234".parse::<Multiaddr>().unwrap())
                .is_err()
        );

        assert_eq!(
            multiaddr_to_socketaddr("/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/12345".parse::<Multiaddr>().unwrap()),
            Ok(SocketAddr::new(
                IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::new(127, 0, 0, 1)),
                12345,
            ))
        );
        assert_eq!(
            multiaddr_to_socketaddr(
                "/ip4/255.255.255.255/tcp/8080"
                    .parse::<Multiaddr>()
                    .unwrap()
            ),
            Ok(SocketAddr::new(
                IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::new(255, 255, 255, 255)),
                8080,
            ))
        );
        assert_eq!(
            multiaddr_to_socketaddr("/ip6/::1/tcp/12345".parse::<Multiaddr>().unwrap()),
            Ok(SocketAddr::new(
                IpAddr::V6(Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1)),
                12345,
            ))
        );
        assert_eq!(
            multiaddr_to_socketaddr(
                "/ip6/ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff/tcp/8080"
                    .parse::<Multiaddr>()
                    .unwrap()
            ),
            Ok(SocketAddr::new(
                IpAddr::V6(Ipv6Addr::new(
                    65535, 65535, 65535, 65535, 65535, 65535, 65535, 65535,
                )),
                8080,
            ))
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn communicating_between_dialer_and_listener() {
        let _ = tracing_subscriber::fmt()
            .with_env_filter(tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter::from_default_env())
            .try_init();

        async fn listener<T: Provider>(addr: Multiaddr, mut ready_tx: mpsc::Sender<Multiaddr>) {
            let mut tcp = Transport::<T>::default().boxed();
            tcp.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr).unwrap();
            loop {
                match tcp.select_next_some().await {
                    TransportEvent::NewAddress { listen_addr, .. } => {
                        ready_tx.send(listen_addr).await.unwrap();
                    }
                    TransportEvent::Incoming { upgrade, .. } => {
                        let mut upgrade = upgrade.await.unwrap();
                        let mut buf = [0u8; 3];
                        upgrade.read_exact(&mut buf).await.unwrap();
                        assert_eq!(buf, [1, 2, 3]);
                        upgrade.write_all(&[4, 5, 6]).await.unwrap();
                        return;
                    }
                    e => panic!("Unexpected transport event: {e:?}"),
                }
            }
        }

        async fn dialer<T: Provider>(mut ready_rx: mpsc::Receiver<Multiaddr>) {
            let addr = ready_rx.next().await.unwrap();
            let mut tcp = Transport::<T>::default();

            // Obtain a future socket through dialing
            let mut socket = tcp
                .dial(
                    addr.clone(),
                    DialOpts {
                        role: Endpoint::Dialer,
                        port_use: PortUse::Reuse,
                    },
                )
                .unwrap()
                .await
                .unwrap();
            socket.write_all(&[0x1, 0x2, 0x3]).await.unwrap();

            let mut buf = [0u8; 3];
            socket.read_exact(&mut buf).await.unwrap();
            assert_eq!(buf, [4, 5, 6]);
        }

        fn test(addr: Multiaddr) {
            #[cfg(feature = "async-io")]
            {
                let (ready_tx, ready_rx) = mpsc::channel(1);
                let listener = listener::<async_io::Tcp>(addr.clone(), ready_tx);
                let dialer = dialer::<async_io::Tcp>(ready_rx);
                let listener = async_std::task::spawn(listener);
                async_std::task::block_on(dialer);
                async_std::task::block_on(listener);
            }

            #[cfg(feature = "tokio")]
            {
                let (ready_tx, ready_rx) = mpsc::channel(1);
                let listener = listener::<tokio::Tcp>(addr, ready_tx);
                let dialer = dialer::<tokio::Tcp>(ready_rx);
                let rt = ::tokio::runtime::Builder::new_current_thread()
                    .enable_io()
                    .build()
                    .unwrap();
                let tasks = ::tokio::task::LocalSet::new();
                let listener = tasks.spawn_local(listener);
                tasks.block_on(&rt, dialer);
                tasks.block_on(&rt, listener).unwrap();
            }
        }

        test("/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/0".parse().unwrap());
        test("/ip6/::1/tcp/0".parse().unwrap());
    }

    #[test]
    fn wildcard_expansion() {
        let _ = tracing_subscriber::fmt()
            .with_env_filter(tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter::from_default_env())
            .try_init();

        async fn listener<T: Provider>(addr: Multiaddr, mut ready_tx: mpsc::Sender<Multiaddr>) {
            let mut tcp = Transport::<T>::default().boxed();
            tcp.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr).unwrap();

            loop {
                match tcp.select_next_some().await {
                    TransportEvent::NewAddress { listen_addr, .. } => {
                        let mut iter = listen_addr.iter();
                        match iter.next().expect("ip address") {
                            Protocol::Ip4(ip) => assert!(!ip.is_unspecified()),
                            Protocol::Ip6(ip) => assert!(!ip.is_unspecified()),
                            other => panic!("Unexpected protocol: {other}"),
                        }
                        if let Protocol::Tcp(port) = iter.next().expect("port") {
                            assert_ne!(0, port)
                        } else {
                            panic!("No TCP port in address: {listen_addr}")
                        }
                        ready_tx.send(listen_addr).await.ok();
                    }
                    TransportEvent::Incoming { .. } => {
                        return;
                    }
                    _ => {}
                }
            }
        }

        async fn dialer<T: Provider>(mut ready_rx: mpsc::Receiver<Multiaddr>) {
            let dest_addr = ready_rx.next().await.unwrap();
            let mut tcp = Transport::<T>::default();
            tcp.dial(
                dest_addr,
                DialOpts {
                    role: Endpoint::Dialer,
                    port_use: PortUse::New,
                },
            )
            .unwrap()
            .await
            .unwrap();
        }

        fn test(addr: Multiaddr) {
            #[cfg(feature = "async-io")]
            {
                let (ready_tx, ready_rx) = mpsc::channel(1);
                let listener = listener::<async_io::Tcp>(addr.clone(), ready_tx);
                let dialer = dialer::<async_io::Tcp>(ready_rx);
                let listener = async_std::task::spawn(listener);
                async_std::task::block_on(dialer);
                async_std::task::block_on(listener);
            }

            #[cfg(feature = "tokio")]
            {
                let (ready_tx, ready_rx) = mpsc::channel(1);
                let listener = listener::<tokio::Tcp>(addr, ready_tx);
                let dialer = dialer::<tokio::Tcp>(ready_rx);
                let rt = ::tokio::runtime::Builder::new_current_thread()
                    .enable_io()
                    .build()
                    .unwrap();
                let tasks = ::tokio::task::LocalSet::new();
                let listener = tasks.spawn_local(listener);
                tasks.block_on(&rt, dialer);
                tasks.block_on(&rt, listener).unwrap();
            }
        }

        test("/ip4/0.0.0.0/tcp/0".parse().unwrap());
        test("/ip6/::1/tcp/0".parse().unwrap());
    }

    #[test]
    fn port_reuse_dialing() {
        let _ = tracing_subscriber::fmt()
            .with_env_filter(tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter::from_default_env())
            .try_init();

        async fn listener<T: Provider>(
            addr: Multiaddr,
            mut ready_tx: mpsc::Sender<Multiaddr>,
            port_reuse_rx: oneshot::Receiver<Protocol<'_>>,
        ) {
            let mut tcp = Transport::<T>::new(Config::new()).boxed();
            tcp.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr).unwrap();
            loop {
                match tcp.select_next_some().await {
                    TransportEvent::NewAddress { listen_addr, .. } => {
                        ready_tx.send(listen_addr).await.ok();
                    }
                    TransportEvent::Incoming {
                        upgrade,
                        mut send_back_addr,
                        ..
                    } => {
                        // Receive the dialer tcp port reuse
                        let remote_port_reuse = port_reuse_rx.await.unwrap();
                        // And check it is the same as the remote port used for upgrade
                        assert_eq!(send_back_addr.pop().unwrap(), remote_port_reuse);

                        let mut upgrade = upgrade.await.unwrap();
                        let mut buf = [0u8; 3];
                        upgrade.read_exact(&mut buf).await.unwrap();
                        assert_eq!(buf, [1, 2, 3]);
                        upgrade.write_all(&[4, 5, 6]).await.unwrap();
                        return;
                    }
                    e => panic!("Unexpected event: {e:?}"),
                }
            }
        }

        async fn dialer<T: Provider>(
            addr: Multiaddr,
            mut ready_rx: mpsc::Receiver<Multiaddr>,
            port_reuse_tx: oneshot::Sender<Protocol<'_>>,
        ) {
            let dest_addr = ready_rx.next().await.unwrap();
            let mut tcp = Transport::<T>::new(Config::new());
            tcp.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr).unwrap();
            match poll_fn(|cx| Pin::new(&mut tcp).poll(cx)).await {
                TransportEvent::NewAddress { .. } => {
                    // Check that tcp and listener share the same port reuse SocketAddr
                    let listener = tcp.listeners.iter().next().unwrap();
                    let port_reuse_tcp = tcp.port_reuse.local_dial_addr(&listener.listen_addr.ip());
                    let port_reuse_listener = listener
                        .port_reuse
                        .local_dial_addr(&listener.listen_addr.ip());
                    assert!(port_reuse_tcp.is_some());
                    assert_eq!(port_reuse_tcp, port_reuse_listener);

                    // Send the dialer tcp port reuse to the listener
                    port_reuse_tx
                        .send(Protocol::Tcp(port_reuse_tcp.unwrap().port()))
                        .ok();

                    // Obtain a future socket through dialing
                    let mut socket = tcp
                        .dial(
                            dest_addr,
                            DialOpts {
                                role: Endpoint::Dialer,
                                port_use: PortUse::Reuse,
                            },
                        )
                        .unwrap()
                        .await
                        .unwrap();
                    socket.write_all(&[0x1, 0x2, 0x3]).await.unwrap();
                    // socket.flush().await;
                    let mut buf = [0u8; 3];
                    socket.read_exact(&mut buf).await.unwrap();
                    assert_eq!(buf, [4, 5, 6]);
                }
                e => panic!("Unexpected transport event: {e:?}"),
            }
        }

        fn test(addr: Multiaddr) {
            #[cfg(feature = "async-io")]
            {
                let (ready_tx, ready_rx) = mpsc::channel(1);
                let (port_reuse_tx, port_reuse_rx) = oneshot::channel();
                let listener = listener::<async_io::Tcp>(addr.clone(), ready_tx, port_reuse_rx);
                let dialer = dialer::<async_io::Tcp>(addr.clone(), ready_rx, port_reuse_tx);
                let listener = async_std::task::spawn(listener);
                async_std::task::block_on(dialer);
                async_std::task::block_on(listener);
            }

            #[cfg(feature = "tokio")]
            {
                let (ready_tx, ready_rx) = mpsc::channel(1);
                let (port_reuse_tx, port_reuse_rx) = oneshot::channel();
                let listener = listener::<tokio::Tcp>(addr.clone(), ready_tx, port_reuse_rx);
                let dialer = dialer::<tokio::Tcp>(addr, ready_rx, port_reuse_tx);
                let rt = ::tokio::runtime::Builder::new_current_thread()
                    .enable_io()
                    .build()
                    .unwrap();
                let tasks = ::tokio::task::LocalSet::new();
                let listener = tasks.spawn_local(listener);
                tasks.block_on(&rt, dialer);
                tasks.block_on(&rt, listener).unwrap();
            }
        }

        test("/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/0".parse().unwrap());
        test("/ip6/::1/tcp/0".parse().unwrap());
    }

    #[test]
    fn port_reuse_listening() {
        let _ = tracing_subscriber::fmt()
            .with_env_filter(tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter::from_default_env())
            .try_init();

        async fn listen_twice<T: Provider>(addr: Multiaddr) {
            let mut tcp = Transport::<T>::new(Config::new());
            tcp.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr).unwrap();
            match poll_fn(|cx| Pin::new(&mut tcp).poll(cx)).await {
                TransportEvent::NewAddress {
                    listen_addr: addr1, ..
                } => {
                    let listener1 = tcp.listeners.iter().next().unwrap();
                    let port_reuse_tcp =
                        tcp.port_reuse.local_dial_addr(&listener1.listen_addr.ip());
                    let port_reuse_listener1 = listener1
                        .port_reuse
                        .local_dial_addr(&listener1.listen_addr.ip());
                    assert!(port_reuse_tcp.is_some());
                    assert_eq!(port_reuse_tcp, port_reuse_listener1);

                    // Listen on the same address a second time.
                    tcp.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr1.clone()).unwrap();
                    match poll_fn(|cx| Pin::new(&mut tcp).poll(cx)).await {
                        TransportEvent::NewAddress {
                            listen_addr: addr2, ..
                        } => assert_eq!(addr1, addr2),
                        e => panic!("Unexpected transport event: {e:?}"),
                    }
                }
                e => panic!("Unexpected transport event: {e:?}"),
            }
        }

        fn test(addr: Multiaddr) {
            #[cfg(feature = "async-io")]
            {
                let listener = listen_twice::<async_io::Tcp>(addr.clone());
                async_std::task::block_on(listener);
            }

            #[cfg(feature = "tokio")]
            {
                let listener = listen_twice::<tokio::Tcp>(addr);
                let rt = ::tokio::runtime::Builder::new_current_thread()
                    .enable_io()
                    .build()
                    .unwrap();
                rt.block_on(listener);
            }
        }

        test("/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/0".parse().unwrap());
    }

    #[test]
    fn listen_port_0() {
        let _ = tracing_subscriber::fmt()
            .with_env_filter(tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter::from_default_env())
            .try_init();

        async fn listen<T: Provider>(addr: Multiaddr) -> Multiaddr {
            let mut tcp = Transport::<T>::default().boxed();
            tcp.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr).unwrap();
            tcp.select_next_some()
                .await
                .into_new_address()
                .expect("listen address")
        }

        fn test(addr: Multiaddr) {
            #[cfg(feature = "async-io")]
            {
                let new_addr = async_std::task::block_on(listen::<async_io::Tcp>(addr.clone()));
                assert!(!new_addr.to_string().contains("tcp/0"));
            }

            #[cfg(feature = "tokio")]
            {
                let rt = ::tokio::runtime::Builder::new_current_thread()
                    .enable_io()
                    .build()
                    .unwrap();
                let new_addr = rt.block_on(listen::<tokio::Tcp>(addr));
                assert!(!new_addr.to_string().contains("tcp/0"));
            }
        }

        test("/ip6/::1/tcp/0".parse().unwrap());
        test("/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/0".parse().unwrap());
    }

    #[test]
    fn listen_invalid_addr() {
        let _ = tracing_subscriber::fmt()
            .with_env_filter(tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter::from_default_env())
            .try_init();

        fn test(addr: Multiaddr) {
            #[cfg(feature = "async-io")]
            {
                let mut tcp = async_io::Transport::default();
                assert!(tcp.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr.clone()).is_err());
            }

            #[cfg(feature = "tokio")]
            {
                let mut tcp = tokio::Transport::default();
                assert!(tcp.listen_on(ListenerId::next(), addr).is_err());
            }
        }

        test("/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/12345/tcp/12345".parse().unwrap());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_remove_listener() {
        let _ = tracing_subscriber::fmt()
            .with_env_filter(tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter::from_default_env())
            .try_init();

        async fn cycle_listeners<T: Provider>() -> bool {
            let mut tcp = Transport::<T>::default().boxed();
            let listener_id = ListenerId::next();
            tcp.listen_on(listener_id, "/ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/0".parse().unwrap())
                .unwrap();
            tcp.remove_listener(listener_id)
        }

        #[cfg(feature = "async-io")]
        {
            assert!(async_std::task::block_on(cycle_listeners::<async_io::Tcp>()));
        }

        #[cfg(feature = "tokio")]
        {
            let rt = ::tokio::runtime::Builder::new_current_thread()
                .enable_io()
                .build()
                .unwrap();
            assert!(rt.block_on(cycle_listeners::<tokio::Tcp>()));
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_listens_ipv4_ipv6_separately() {
        fn test<T: Provider>() {
            let port = {
                let listener = TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:0").unwrap();
                listener.local_addr().unwrap().port()
            };
            let mut tcp = Transport::<T>::default().boxed();
            let listener_id = ListenerId::next();
            tcp.listen_on(
                listener_id,
                format!("/ip4/0.0.0.0/tcp/{port}").parse().unwrap(),
            )
            .unwrap();
            tcp.listen_on(
                ListenerId::next(),
                format!("/ip6/::/tcp/{port}").parse().unwrap(),
            )
            .unwrap();
        }
        #[cfg(feature = "async-io")]
        {
            async_std::task::block_on(async {
                test::<async_io::Tcp>();
            })
        }
        #[cfg(feature = "tokio")]
        {
            let rt = ::tokio::runtime::Builder::new_current_thread()
                .enable_io()
                .build()
                .unwrap();
            rt.block_on(async {
                test::<tokio::Tcp>();
            });
        }
    }
}