diff --git a/cmd/geth/main.go b/cmd/geth/main.go
index b9e3ed31e813..70b354ae148b 100644
--- a/cmd/geth/main.go
+++ b/cmd/geth/main.go
@@ -241,6 +241,8 @@ func init() {
utils.ShowDeprecated,
// See snapshot.go
snapshotCommand,
+ // See verkle.go
+ verkleCommand,
}
sort.Sort(cli.CommandsByName(app.Commands))
diff --git a/cmd/geth/verkle.go b/cmd/geth/verkle.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f85ec37ea924
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmd/geth/verkle.go
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of go-ethereum.
+//
+// go-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// go-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with go-ethereum. If not, see .
+
+package main
+
+import (
+ "bytes"
+ "encoding/hex"
+ "errors"
+ "fmt"
+ "os"
+
+ "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/cmd/utils"
+ "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+ "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
+ "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/flags"
+ "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
+ "github.com/gballet/go-verkle"
+ cli "github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
+)
+
+var (
+ zero [32]byte
+
+ verkleCommand = &cli.Command{
+ Name: "verkle",
+ Usage: "A set of experimental verkle tree management commands",
+ Category: "MISCELLANEOUS COMMANDS",
+ Description: "",
+ Subcommands: []*cli.Command{
+ {
+ Name: "verify",
+ Usage: "verify the conversion of a MPT into a verkle tree",
+ ArgsUsage: "",
+ Action: verifyVerkle,
+ Flags: flags.Merge(utils.NetworkFlags, utils.DatabasePathFlags),
+ Description: `
+geth verkle verify
+This command takes a root commitment and attempts to rebuild the tree.
+ `,
+ },
+ {
+ Name: "dump",
+ Usage: "Dump a verkle tree to a DOT file",
+ ArgsUsage: " [ ...]",
+ Action: expandVerkle,
+ Flags: flags.Merge(utils.NetworkFlags, utils.DatabasePathFlags),
+ Description: `
+geth verkle dump [ ...]
+This command will produce a dot file representing the tree, rooted at .
+in which key1, key2, ... are expanded.
+ `,
+ },
+ },
+ }
+)
+
+// recurse into each child to ensure they can be loaded from the db. The tree isn't rebuilt
+// (only its nodes are loaded) so there is no need to flush them, the garbage collector should
+// take care of that for us.
+func checkChildren(root verkle.VerkleNode, resolver verkle.NodeResolverFn) error {
+ switch node := root.(type) {
+ case *verkle.InternalNode:
+ for i, child := range node.Children() {
+ childC := child.ComputeCommitment().Bytes()
+
+ childS, err := resolver(childC[:])
+ if bytes.Equal(childC[:], zero[:]) {
+ continue
+ }
+ if err != nil {
+ return fmt.Errorf("could not find child %x in db: %w", childC, err)
+ }
+ // depth is set to 0, the tree isn't rebuilt so it's not a problem
+ childN, err := verkle.ParseNode(childS, 0, childC[:])
+ if err != nil {
+ return fmt.Errorf("decode error child %x in db: %w", child.ComputeCommitment().Bytes(), err)
+ }
+ if err := checkChildren(childN, resolver); err != nil {
+ return fmt.Errorf("%x%w", i, err) // write the path to the erroring node
+ }
+ }
+ case *verkle.LeafNode:
+ // sanity check: ensure at least one value is non-zero
+
+ for i := 0; i < verkle.NodeWidth; i++ {
+ if len(node.Value(i)) != 0 {
+ return nil
+ }
+ }
+ return fmt.Errorf("Both balance and nonce are 0")
+ case verkle.Empty:
+ // nothing to do
+ default:
+ return fmt.Errorf("unsupported type encountered %v", root)
+ }
+
+ return nil
+}
+
+func verifyVerkle(ctx *cli.Context) error {
+ stack, _ := makeConfigNode(ctx)
+ defer stack.Close()
+
+ chaindb := utils.MakeChainDatabase(ctx, stack, true)
+ headBlock := rawdb.ReadHeadBlock(chaindb)
+ if headBlock == nil {
+ log.Error("Failed to load head block")
+ return errors.New("no head block")
+ }
+ if ctx.NArg() > 1 {
+ log.Error("Too many arguments given")
+ return errors.New("too many arguments")
+ }
+ var (
+ rootC common.Hash
+ err error
+ )
+ if ctx.NArg() == 1 {
+ rootC, err = parseRoot(ctx.Args().First())
+ if err != nil {
+ log.Error("Failed to resolve state root", "error", err)
+ return err
+ }
+ log.Info("Rebuilding the tree", "root", rootC)
+ } else {
+ rootC = headBlock.Root()
+ log.Info("Rebuilding the tree", "root", rootC, "number", headBlock.NumberU64())
+ }
+
+ serializedRoot, err := chaindb.Get(rootC[:])
+ if err != nil {
+ return err
+ }
+ root, err := verkle.ParseNode(serializedRoot, 0, rootC[:])
+ if err != nil {
+ return err
+ }
+
+ if err := checkChildren(root, chaindb.Get); err != nil {
+ log.Error("Could not rebuild the tree from the database", "err", err)
+ return err
+ }
+
+ log.Info("Tree was rebuilt from the database")
+ return nil
+}
+
+func expandVerkle(ctx *cli.Context) error {
+ stack, _ := makeConfigNode(ctx)
+ defer stack.Close()
+
+ chaindb := utils.MakeChainDatabase(ctx, stack, true)
+ var (
+ rootC common.Hash
+ keylist [][]byte
+ err error
+ )
+ if ctx.NArg() >= 2 {
+ rootC, err = parseRoot(ctx.Args().First())
+ if err != nil {
+ log.Error("Failed to resolve state root", "error", err)
+ return err
+ }
+ keylist = make([][]byte, 0, ctx.Args().Len()-1)
+ args := ctx.Args().Slice()
+ for i := range args[1:] {
+ key, err := hex.DecodeString(args[i+1])
+ log.Info("decoded key", "arg", args[i+1], "key", key)
+ if err != nil {
+ return fmt.Errorf("error decoding key #%d: %w", i+1, err)
+ }
+ keylist = append(keylist, key)
+ }
+ log.Info("Rebuilding the tree", "root", rootC)
+ } else {
+ return fmt.Errorf("usage: %s root key1 [key 2...]", ctx.App.Name)
+ }
+
+ serializedRoot, err := chaindb.Get(rootC[:])
+ if err != nil {
+ return err
+ }
+ root, err := verkle.ParseNode(serializedRoot, 0, rootC[:])
+ if err != nil {
+ return err
+ }
+
+ for i, key := range keylist {
+ log.Info("Reading key", "index", i, "key", keylist[0])
+ root.Get(key, chaindb.Get)
+ }
+
+ if err := os.WriteFile("dump.dot", []byte(verkle.ToDot(root)), 0600); err != nil {
+ log.Error("Failed to dump file", "err", err)
+ } else {
+ log.Info("Tree was dumped to file", "file", "dump.dot")
+ }
+ return nil
+}
diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index 4a769c7a2dca..72613343948e 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -78,10 +78,12 @@ require (
github.com/aws/smithy-go v1.1.0 // indirect
github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.1.1 // indirect
github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.2 // indirect
+ github.com/crate-crypto/go-ipa v0.0.0-20220523130400-f11357ae11c7 // indirect
github.com/decred/dcrd/dcrec/secp256k1/v4 v4.0.1 // indirect
github.com/deepmap/oapi-codegen v1.8.2 // indirect
github.com/dlclark/regexp2 v1.4.1-0.20201116162257-a2a8dda75c91 // indirect
github.com/garslo/gogen v0.0.0-20170306192744-1d203ffc1f61 // indirect
+ github.com/gballet/go-verkle v0.0.0-20220902153445-097bd83b7732 // indirect
github.com/go-logfmt/logfmt v0.4.0 // indirect
github.com/go-ole/go-ole v1.2.1 // indirect
github.com/go-sourcemap/sourcemap v2.1.3+incompatible // indirect
diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum
index 4b27867fbc79..72d9b25e2021 100644
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -86,6 +86,8 @@ github.com/consensys/gnark-crypto v0.4.1-0.20210426202927-39ac3d4b3f1f/go.mod h1
github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.0-20190314233015-f79a8a8ca69d/go.mod h1:maD7wRr/U5Z6m/iR4s+kqSMx2CaBsrgA7czyZG/E6dU=
github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.2 h1:p1EgwI/C7NhT0JmVkwCD2ZBK8j4aeHQX2pMHHBfMQ6w=
github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.2/go.mod h1:tgQtvFlXSQOSOSIRvRPT7W67SCa46tRHOmNcaadrF8o=
+github.com/crate-crypto/go-ipa v0.0.0-20220523130400-f11357ae11c7 h1:6IrxszG5G+O7zhtkWxq6+unVvnrm1fqV2Pe+T95DUzw=
+github.com/crate-crypto/go-ipa v0.0.0-20220523130400-f11357ae11c7/go.mod h1:gFnFS95y8HstDP6P9pPwzrxOOC5TRDkwbM+ao15ChAI=
github.com/creack/pty v1.1.9/go.mod h1:oKZEueFk5CKHvIhNR5MUki03XCEU+Q6VDXinZuGJ33E=
github.com/cyberdelia/templates v0.0.0-20141128023046-ca7fffd4298c/go.mod h1:GyV+0YP4qX0UQ7r2MoYZ+AvYDp12OF5yg4q8rGnyNh4=
github.com/dave/jennifer v1.2.0/go.mod h1:fIb+770HOpJ2fmN9EPPKOqm1vMGhB+TwXKMZhrIygKg=
@@ -134,6 +136,8 @@ github.com/garslo/gogen v0.0.0-20170306192744-1d203ffc1f61 h1:IZqZOB2fydHte3kUgx
github.com/garslo/gogen v0.0.0-20170306192744-1d203ffc1f61/go.mod h1:Q0X6pkwTILDlzrGEckF6HKjXe48EgsY/l7K7vhY4MW8=
github.com/gballet/go-libpcsclite v0.0.0-20190607065134-2772fd86a8ff h1:tY80oXqGNY4FhTFhk+o9oFHGINQ/+vhlm8HFzi6znCI=
github.com/gballet/go-libpcsclite v0.0.0-20190607065134-2772fd86a8ff/go.mod h1:x7DCsMOv1taUwEWCzT4cmDeAkigA5/QCwUodaVOe8Ww=
+github.com/gballet/go-verkle v0.0.0-20220902153445-097bd83b7732 h1:AB7YjNrzlVHsYz06zCULVV2zYCEft82P86dSmtwxKL0=
+github.com/gballet/go-verkle v0.0.0-20220902153445-097bd83b7732/go.mod h1:o/XfIXWi4/GqbQirfRm5uTbXMG5NpqxkxblnbZ+QM9I=
github.com/getkin/kin-openapi v0.53.0/go.mod h1:7Yn5whZr5kJi6t+kShccXS8ae1APpYTW6yheSwk8Yi4=
github.com/getkin/kin-openapi v0.61.0/go.mod h1:7Yn5whZr5kJi6t+kShccXS8ae1APpYTW6yheSwk8Yi4=
github.com/ghodss/yaml v1.0.0/go.mod h1:4dBDuWmgqj2HViK6kFavaiC9ZROes6MMH2rRYeMEF04=
@@ -569,6 +573,7 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210420205809-ac73e9fd8988/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7w
golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210423082822-04245dca01da/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210615035016-665e8c7367d1/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20211019181941-9d821ace8654/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20211020174200-9d6173849985/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20211216021012-1d35b9e2eb4e/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220412211240-33da011f77ad/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220520151302-bc2c85ada10a h1:dGzPydgVsqGcTRVwiLJ1jVbufYwmzD3LfVPLKsKg+0k=