nagios-cli

#!/usr/bin/env python

'''usage: %prog <config> <command> [command-options]

This script uses the JSON Nagios API to issue commands to Nagios. The
goal is to make your life easier. If it doesn't, please return it
unharmed and let me know what went wrong and I'll make it better.

Usage:

    nagios-cli --host=nagios --port=6315 <command> [command-options]

This is the prefix. I recommend you stash this in an alias so you don't
have to type in the host/port every time. From now on in this page, I
will assume that 'nagios-cli' will do the right thing and leave out the
host/port arguments.

This tool operates like git, svn, and other tools you may now -- you
invoke it, tell it what command to run, and then the rest of the
arguments vary depending on the command. Some tools don't take any
options, some take a few required arguments and then some.

Status Viewing

    nagios-cli hosts

    nagios-cli services <host>

Notification Management

    nagios-cli disable-notifications <host> [service] [--recursive|r]

    nagios-cli enable-notifications <host> [service] [--recursive|r]

Downtime Management

    nagios-cli schedule-downtime <host> [service] <duration>
        [--recursive|-r] [--author|-a=TEXT] [--comment|-c=TEXT]

    nagios-cli cancel-downtime <host> [service] [--recursive|-r]

Problem Management

    nagios-cli acknowledge-problem <host> [service] <--comment|-c=TEXT>
        [--sticky|-s=TRUE|false] [--notify|-n=TRUE|false]
        [--persistent|-p=true|FALSE] [--author|-a=TEXT]

Copyright 2011-2013 by Bump Technologies, Inc and other authors and
contributors. See the LICENSE file for full licensing information.

'''

import re
import requests
import sys
from json import loads, dumps
from optparse import OptionParser, OptionGroup


URL = None  # To the Nagios API "http://foo:6315"
NAGIOS = {}  # Host => [ Service, Service, Service, ... ]


def time_to_seconds(inp):
    '''Possibly convert a time written like "2h" or "50m" into seconds.

    '''
    match = re.match(r'^(\d+)([wdhms])?$', inp)
    if match is None:
        return None
    val, denom = match.groups()
    if denom is None:
        return int(val)
    multiplier = {'w': 604800, 'd': 86400, 'h': 3600, 'm': 60, 's': 1}[denom]
    return int(val) * multiplier


def consume_host_service(args):
    '''Given a list of arguments, attempt to consume a host and service
    off of the front and return a list containing host=X service=X args
    that you can send to the API.

    '''
    global NAGIOS
    if args is None or len(args) <= 0:
        return None
    if args[0] not in NAGIOS:
        return None
    host = args[0]
    selargs = ['host=%s' % host]
    del args[0]

    if len(args) > 0 and args[0] in NAGIOS[host]:
        selargs += ['service=%s' % args[0]]
        del args[0]
    return selargs


def api(args):
    '''Send a call out to the API. Returns the response object (dict) or
    an integer exit code on failure.

    '''
    global URL, NAGIOS

    # The rest of the data is now in args, build the URL
    verb = args[0]
    objid = args[1] if len(args) >= 2 and args[1].isdigit() else ''
    url = '%s/%s/%s' % (URL, verb, objid)

    # Now build the reqobj
    obj = {}
    for kv in args[2 if objid else 1:]:
        if not '=' in kv:
            return critical('Parameter "%s" does not conform to expected key=value format' % kv)
        key, value = kv.split('=', 1)
        obj[key] = value

    # Set the method to POST if we recognize the verb or if there is a payload
    method = 'POST' if len(obj) > 0 else 'GET'
    if verb in ('cancel_downtime'):
        method = 'POST'
    payload = dumps(obj) if method == 'POST' else None

    # Construct the request object to send it out
    try:
        if payload is None:
            res = requests.get(url)
        else:
            res = requests.post(url, data=payload,
                    headers={'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
    except (requests.ConnectionError, requests.Timeout):
        return critical('Failed connecting to nagios-api server')
    if res is None:
        return critical('Failed requesting resource')

    # Probably a JSON response, get it
    try:
        if (res.headers['content-encoding'] == "gzip"):
            resobj = loads(res.content)
        else:
            resobj = loads(res.text)
    except ValueError:
        return critical('Failed parsing server response')
    except TypeError:
        return critical('Failed parsing JSON in server response')
    return resobj


def do_schedule_downtime(cmd, args, opts):
    '''Create a scheduled downtime for a host or service. Usage:

        %prog schedule-downtime <host> [service] <duration> [opts]

    host must be a hostname that Nagios knows about. If specified,
    service is a service that exists on that host. This combination of
    host and optional service indicates what you want the downtime to be
    scheduled on.

    The duration must be of the format like "2h". You can use w, d, h,
    m, or s as units. Seconds are assumed if you don't specify the units.

    Available options:

        --recursive       Schedule downtime for all services on this host.
                          You must not specify a specific service.

        --author=NAME     Specify an author to record this downtime for.

        --comment=TEXT    Leave descriptive text about the downtime.

    Example:

        %prog schedule-downtime web01 2h
            # schedule two hours of downtime for web01

        %prog schedule-downtime web01 "PING Check" 1w
            # schedule one week of downtime for PING Check on web01

        %prog schedule-downtime web03 1d --recursive
            # schedule one day of downtime for web03 and ALL services on it

    NOTE: This command schedules a fixed downtime that starts
    immediately and lasts for the specified duration.

    '''
    p = OptionParser(usage=trim(do_schedule_downtime.__doc__))
    p.disable_interspersed_args()
    p.add_option('-a', '--author', dest='author', metavar='NAME',
        help='Author to blame for this downtime')
    p.add_option('-c', '--comment', dest='comment', metavar='TEXT',
        help='Explanatory comment to leave on the downtime')
    p.add_option('-r', '--recursive', dest='recursive', action='store_true',
        help='Schedule for all services on the given host')
    p.set_defaults(recursive=False, author=None, comment=None)

    selargs = consume_host_service(args)
    if selargs is None:
        p.error('Failed to locate host/service to schedule downtime for')
    if len(args) <= 0:
        p.error('Must specify a duration in a format like "2h"')
    secs = time_to_seconds(args[0])
    if secs is None:
        p.error('Invalid duration, must be in a format like "2h"')
    selargs += ['duration=%d' % secs]

    (options, args) = p.parse_args(opts)
    if options.recursive:
        selargs += ['services_too=true']
    if options.author is not None:
        selargs += ['author=%s' % options.author]
    if options.comment is not None:
        selargs += ['comment=%s' % options.comment]

    res = api(['schedule_downtime'] + selargs)
    if isinstance(res, int):
        return res
    if not isinstance(res, dict):
        return critical('API returned unknown object type')
    if not res['success']:
        return critical('Failed: %s' % res['content'])
    return 0


def do_cancel_downtime(cmd, args, opts):
    '''Cancel a scheduled downtime for a host or service. Usage:

        %prog cancel-downtime <host> [service] [opts]

    host must be a hostname that Nagios knows about. If specified,
    service is a service that exists on that host. This combination of
    host and optional service indicates what you want the downtime to be
    cancelled from.

    Available options:

        --recursive       Cancel downtime for all services on this host.
                          You must not specify a specific service.

    Example:

        %prog cancel-downtime web01
            # cancel downtime for web01

        %prog cancel-downtime web01 "PING Check"
            # cancel downtime for PING Check on web01

        %prog cancel-downtime web03 --recursive
            # cancel downtime for web03 and ALL services on it

    NOTE: If you have just scheduled the downtime through the API, note
    that it may take a little while before you can cancel it. Nagios
    is not instant and it may not write out the status file (with the
    downtime id) for some time.

    '''
    p = OptionParser(usage=trim(do_cancel_downtime.__doc__))
    p.disable_interspersed_args()
    p.add_option('-r', '--recursive', dest='recursive', action='store_true',
        help='Cancel for all services on the given host')
    p.set_defaults(recursive=False, author=None, comment=None)

    selargs = consume_host_service(args)
    if selargs is None:
        p.error('Failed to locate host/service to cancel downtime for')

    (options, args) = p.parse_args(opts)
    if options.recursive:
        selargs += ['services_too=true']

    res = api(['cancel_downtime'] + selargs)
    if isinstance(res, int):
        return res
    if not isinstance(res, dict):
        return critical('API returned unknown object type')
    if not res['success']:
        return critical('Failed: %s' % res['content'])
    return 0


def do_disable_notifications(cmd, args, opts):
    '''Disable notifications for a host or service. Usage:

        %prog disable-notifications <host> [service] [opts]

    host must be a hostname that Nagios knows about. If specified,
    service is a service that exists on that host.

    Available options:

        --recursive       Target the host and all services on this host.
                          You must not specify a specific service.

    Example:

        %prog disable-notifications web01
            # disable for for web01

        %prog disable-notifications web01 "PING Check"
            # disable for PING Check on web01

        %prog disable-notifications web03 --recursive
            # disable for web03 and ALL services on it

    '''
    p = OptionParser(usage=trim(do_disable_notifications.__doc__))
    p.disable_interspersed_args()
    p.add_option('-r', '--recursive', dest='recursive', action='store_true',
        help='Disable for all services on the given host')
    p.set_defaults(recursive=False, author=None, comment=None)

    selargs = consume_host_service(args)
    if selargs is None:
        p.error('Failed to locate host/service to act on')

    (options, args) = p.parse_args(opts)
    if options.recursive:
        selargs += ['services_too=true']

    res = api(['disable_notifications'] + selargs)
    if isinstance(res, int):
        return res
    if not isinstance(res, dict):
        return critical('API returned unknown object type')
    if not res['success']:
        return critical('Failed: %s' % res['content'])
    return 0


def do_enable_notifications(cmd, args, opts):
    '''Re-enable notifications for a host or service. Usage:

        %prog enable-notifications <host> [service] [opts]

    host must be a hostname that Nagios knows about. If specified,
    service is a service that exists on that host.

    Available options:

        --recursive       Target the host and all services on this host.
                          You must not specify a specific service.

    Example:

        %prog enable-notifications web01
            # enable for for web01

        %prog enable-notifications web01 "PING Check"
            # enable for PING Check on web01

        %prog enable-notifications web03 --recursive
            # enable for web03 and ALL services on it

    '''
    p = OptionParser(usage=trim(do_enable_notifications.__doc__))
    p.disable_interspersed_args()
    p.add_option('-r', '--recursive', dest='recursive', action='store_true',
        help='Enable for all services on the given host')
    p.set_defaults(recursive=False, author=None, comment=None)

    selargs = consume_host_service(args)
    if selargs is None:
        p.error('Failed to locate host/service to act on')

    (options, args) = p.parse_args(opts)
    if options.recursive:
        selargs += ['services_too=true']

    res = api(['enable_notifications'] + selargs)
    if isinstance(res, int):
        return res
    if not isinstance(res, dict):
        return critical('API returned unknown object type')
    if not res['success']:
        return critical('Failed: %s' % res['content'])
    return 0

def do_acknowledge_problem(cmd, args, opts):
    '''Acknowledge problem for a host or service. Usage:

        %prog acknowledge-problem <host> [service] --comment=TEXT [opts]

    host must be a hostname that Nagios knows about. If specified,
    service is a service that exists on that host. Comment must be specified.

    Available options:

        --comment=TEXT   	Comment on the acknowledged problem.
        
        --sticky=TRUE/FALSE  	[defaults to TRUE] If sticky, an acknowledgement hangs around
                                until a host reaches "OK" - otherwise, it goes away on next
                                state change.
        
        --notify=TRUE/FALSE	[defaults to TRUE] If TRUE, sends notification that an 
                                acknowledgement has occurred.
        
        --persistent=TRUE/FALSE	[defaults to FALSE] If TRUE, the comment will remain after the
                                host returns to "OK" state.
        
        --author=STR		[defaults to "nagios-api"] Who is doing the acknowledging.

    Example:

        %prog acknowledge-problem web01 --comment="Critical Failure"
            # acknowledge problem for web01 with comment "Critical Failure"

        %prog acknowledge-problem web03 "HTTP" --comment="Critical Failure" 
            # acknowledge problem on HTTP service for web03 with comment "Critical Failure"

    '''
    p = OptionParser(usage=trim(do_acknowledge_problem.__doc__))
    p.disable_interspersed_args()
    p.add_option('-c', '--comment', dest='comment', action='store',
        help="Comment on the acknowledged problem.")
    p.add_option('-s', '--sticky', dest='sticky', action='store_false',
        help='Does acknowledgement hang around until "OK" reached by host?')
    p.add_option('-n', '--notify', dest='notify', action='store_false',
        help='Should we send a notification of the acknowledgment?')
    p.add_option('-p', '--persistent', dest='persistent', action='store_true',
        help='Should the comment hang around after the problem expires?')
    p.add_option('-a', '--author', dest='author', action='store',
        help='Name appearing for who does the acknowledgment.')
    p.set_defaults(sticky=True,notify=True,persistent=False,author=None)

    selargs = consume_host_service(args)
    if selargs is None:
        p.error('Failed to locate host/service to act on')

    (options, args) = p.parse_args(opts)
    if options.comment:
        selargs += ['comment=%s' % options.comment]
    else:
        return critical('Did not include comment when required!')
    if options.sticky is not True:
        selargs += ['sticky=FALSE']
    if options.notify is not True:
        selargs += ['notify=FALSE']
    if options.persistent:
        selargs += ['persistent=TRUE']
    if options.author:
        selargs += ['author=%s' % options.author]

    res = api(['acknowledge_problem'] + selargs)
    if isinstance(res, int):
        return res
    if not isinstance(res, dict):
        return critical('API returned unknown object type')
    if not res['success']:
        return critical('Failed: %s' % res['content'])
    return 0


def do_hosts(cmd, args, opts):
    '''Return a plain list of all hosts.

    '''
    global NAGIOS
    for host in NAGIOS:
        print host
    return 0


def do_services(cmd, args, opts):
    '''For a given host, return all services. Usage:

        %prog services <host>

    Specify the host you wish to view the services of.
    '''
    global NAGIOS
    p = OptionParser(usage=trim(do_services.__doc__))
    if len(args) <= 0 or args[0] not in NAGIOS:
        p.error('First argument must be a valid hostname')
    for svc in NAGIOS[args[0]]:
        print svc
    return 0


def critical(msg, retval=1):
    '''Print a message to STDERR and return a failure code.

    '''
    print >>sys.stderr, msg
    return retval


def do_raw(args):
    '''Allows the user to interact with the API directly and use this
    CLI as a JSON generator. Please know what you're doing.

    '''
    resobj = api(args)
    if isinstance(resobj, int):
        return resobj
    if not isinstance(resobj, dict):
        return critical('API returned unknown object type')

    # Protocol failure check
    if not resobj['success']:
        return critical('Failure: %s' % resobj['content'])

    # These are simple responses, we can handle them here
    if type(resobj['content']) is str:
        print resobj['content']
    else:
        print dumps(resobj['content'])
    return 0


def trim(docstring):
    '''This is taken from PEP 257 for docstring usage. I'm duplicating
    it here so I can use it to preparse docstrings before sending them
    to OptionParser. Otherwise, I can either not indent my docstrings
    (in violation of the PEP) or I can have the usage outputs be
    indented.

    '''
    if not docstring:
        return ''
    # Convert tabs to spaces (following the normal Python rules)
    # and split into a list of lines:
    lines = docstring.expandtabs().splitlines()
    # Determine minimum indentation (first line doesn't count):
    indent = sys.maxint
    for line in lines[1:]:
        stripped = line.lstrip()
        if stripped:
            indent = min(indent, len(line) - len(stripped))
    # Remove indentation (first line is special):
    trimmed = [lines[0].strip()]
    if indent < sys.maxint:
        for line in lines[1:]:
            trimmed.append(line[indent:].rstrip())
    # Strip off trailing and leading blank lines:
    while trimmed and not trimmed[-1]:
        trimmed.pop()
    while trimmed and not trimmed[0]:
        trimmed.pop(0)
    # Return a single string:
    return '\n'.join(trimmed)


def main(argv):
    '''Where the fun begins. Actually do something useful.

    '''
    global URL, NAGIOS

    # Parse out command line options
    p = OptionParser(usage=trim(__doc__))
    p.disable_interspersed_args()
    p.add_option('-H', '--host', dest='host', default='localhost',
        help='Host to connect to', metavar='HOST')
    p.add_option('-p', '--port', dest='port', type='int', default=6315,
        help='Port to connect to', metavar='PORT')
    p.add_option('-u', '--url', dest='url',
        help='URL to use instead of host:port', metavar='URL')
    p.add_option('--raw', dest='raw', action='store_true',
        help='Enable raw mode for the CLI')
    (opts, args) = p.parse_args(argv[1:])
    if opts.url:
        URL = opts.url
    else:
        URL = 'http://%s:%d' % (opts.host, opts.port)

    # If no more arguments, show usage
    if len(args) <= 0:
        p.error('No command specified')

    # Now load the state of the world (cache this locally?)
    temp = api(['objects'])
    if isinstance(temp, dict):
        if not temp['success']:
            return critical('Failed to load objects from nagios-api')
        NAGIOS = temp['content']
    else:
        return temp

    # If we're in raw mode, bail out for that now
    if opts.raw:
        return do_raw(args)

    # args will now contain the subcommand, some positional arguments,
    # and then the dashed options. Split them.
    command, posargs, otherargs = args[0], [], []
    for arg in args[1:]:
        if len(otherargs) > 0:
            otherargs.append(arg)
            continue
        if arg[0] == '-':
            otherargs.append(arg)
        else:
            posargs.append(arg)

    # Dispatch table and then dispatch
    dispatch = {
        'schedule-downtime': do_schedule_downtime,
        'cancel-downtime': do_cancel_downtime,
        'enable-notifications': do_enable_notifications,
        'disable-notifications': do_disable_notifications,
        'acknowledge-problem': do_acknowledge_problem,
        'hosts': do_hosts,
        'services': do_services,
    }
    for cmd in dispatch:
        if re.match(r'^' + command, cmd):
            return dispatch[cmd](command, posargs, otherargs)
    p.error('Command not found, see the usage')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    sys.exit(main(sys.argv[0:]))