bpf: Fix ringbuf memory type confusion when passing to helpers

jira VULN-68
cve CVE-2021-4204
commit-author Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
commit a672b2e

The bpf_ringbuf_submit() and bpf_ringbuf_discard() have ARG_PTR_TO_ALLOC_MEM
in their bpf_func_proto definition as their first argument, and thus both expect
the result from a prior bpf_ringbuf_reserve() call which has a return type of
RET_PTR_TO_ALLOC_MEM_OR_NULL.

While the non-NULL memory from bpf_ringbuf_reserve() can be passed to other
helpers, the two sinks (bpf_ringbuf_submit(), bpf_ringbuf_discard()) right now
only enforce a register type of PTR_TO_MEM.

This can lead to potential type confusion since it would allow other PTR_TO_MEM
memory to be passed into the two sinks which did not come from bpf_ringbuf_reserve().

Add a new MEM_ALLOC composable type attribute for PTR_TO_MEM, and enforce that:

 - bpf_ringbuf_reserve() returns NULL or PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_ALLOC
 - bpf_ringbuf_submit() and bpf_ringbuf_discard() only take PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_ALLOC
   but not plain PTR_TO_MEM arguments via ARG_PTR_TO_ALLOC_MEM
 - however, other helpers might treat PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_ALLOC as plain PTR_TO_MEM
   to populate the memory area when they use ARG_PTR_TO_{UNINIT_,}MEM in their
   func proto description

Fixes: 457f443 ("bpf: Implement BPF ring buffer and verifier support for it")
	Reported-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
	Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
	Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>
	Acked-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
(cherry picked from commit a672b2e)
	Signed-off-by: Pratham Patel <ppatel@ciq.com>

Author: thefossguy-ciq

include/linux/bpf.h

@@ -296,7 +296,12 @@ enum bpf_type_flag {
 	 */
 	MEM_RDONLY		= BIT(1 + BPF_BASE_TYPE_BITS),
 
-	__BPF_TYPE_LAST_FLAG	= MEM_RDONLY,
+	/* MEM was "allocated" from a different helper, and cannot be mixed
+	 * with regular non-MEM_ALLOC'ed MEM types.
+	 */
+	MEM_ALLOC		= BIT(2 + BPF_BASE_TYPE_BITS),
+
+	__BPF_TYPE_LAST_FLAG	= MEM_ALLOC,
 };
 
 /* Max number of base types. */
@@ -379,7 +384,7 @@ enum bpf_return_type {
 	RET_PTR_TO_SOCKET_OR_NULL	= PTR_MAYBE_NULL | RET_PTR_TO_SOCKET,
 	RET_PTR_TO_TCP_SOCK_OR_NULL	= PTR_MAYBE_NULL | RET_PTR_TO_TCP_SOCK,
 	RET_PTR_TO_SOCK_COMMON_OR_NULL	= PTR_MAYBE_NULL | RET_PTR_TO_SOCK_COMMON,
-	RET_PTR_TO_ALLOC_MEM_OR_NULL	= PTR_MAYBE_NULL | RET_PTR_TO_ALLOC_MEM,
+	RET_PTR_TO_ALLOC_MEM_OR_NULL	= PTR_MAYBE_NULL | MEM_ALLOC | RET_PTR_TO_ALLOC_MEM,
 	RET_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_OR_NULL	= PTR_MAYBE_NULL | RET_PTR_TO_BTF_ID,
 
 	/* This must be the last entry. Its purpose is to ensure the enum is

kernel/bpf/verifier.c

@@ -574,6 +574,8 @@ static const char *reg_type_str(struct bpf_verifier_env *env,
 
 	if (type & MEM_RDONLY)
 		strncpy(prefix, "rdonly_", 16);
+	if (type & MEM_ALLOC)
+		strncpy(prefix, "alloc_", 16);
 
 	snprintf(env->type_str_buf, TYPE_STR_BUF_LEN, "%s%s%s",
 		 prefix, str[base_type(type)], postfix);
@@ -4746,6 +4748,7 @@ static const struct bpf_reg_types mem_types = {
 		PTR_TO_MAP_KEY,
 		PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE,
 		PTR_TO_MEM,
+		PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_ALLOC,
 		PTR_TO_BUF,
 	},
 };
@@ -4763,7 +4766,7 @@ static const struct bpf_reg_types int_ptr_types = {
 static const struct bpf_reg_types fullsock_types = { .types = { PTR_TO_SOCKET } };
 static const struct bpf_reg_types scalar_types = { .types = { SCALAR_VALUE } };
 static const struct bpf_reg_types context_types = { .types = { PTR_TO_CTX } };
-static const struct bpf_reg_types alloc_mem_types = { .types = { PTR_TO_MEM } };
+static const struct bpf_reg_types alloc_mem_types = { .types = { PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_ALLOC } };
 static const struct bpf_reg_types const_map_ptr_types = { .types = { CONST_PTR_TO_MAP } };
 static const struct bpf_reg_types btf_ptr_types = { .types = { PTR_TO_BTF_ID } };
 static const struct bpf_reg_types spin_lock_types = { .types = { PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE } };
@@ -4924,6 +4927,7 @@ static int check_func_arg(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, u32 arg,
 	case PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE:
 	case PTR_TO_MEM:
 	case PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY:
+	case PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_ALLOC:
 	case PTR_TO_BUF:
 	case PTR_TO_BUF | MEM_RDONLY:
 	case PTR_TO_STACK: